Selection for fast-replicating CVB3. (A) Single-cycle growth curves for the initial stock virus, and viruses passaged 10 times for 4 h or 8 h (4 h P10 and 8 h P10). Viruses were used to infect HeLa cells at MOI = 0.5, and progeny were quantified by plaque assay. Data are mean ± SEM (n ≥ 11, ≥3 independent experiments). *P < 0.05, two-way ANOVA (comparing 4 h P10 and stock). (B) Consensus sequencing revealed that VP1-F106L was the only nonsilent mutation found in the 4 h P10 samples and not the 8 h P10 samples. (C) Sequencing chromatograms showing mixed peaks at nt 2,768 and 3,427. (D) VP1-F106L was cloned into the infectious clone and used to generate VP1-F106L virus. (E) Single-cycle growth curve with WT and VP1-F106L. HeLa cells were infected at MOI = 0.1, and progeny were quantified by plaque assay. Data are mean ± SEM (n ≥ 11, ≥3 independent experiments), *P < 0.05, unpaired t test, ns, not significant.