Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics (n = 58,428; 2011 and 2015 cross-sectional, plus 2015 panel respondents).
| Men n (%) |
Women n (%) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Swedish-born (n = 23,358) | OECD migrants (n = 1,720) | Non-OECD migrants (n = 1,096) | Swedish-born (n = 28,711) | OECD migrants (n = 2,322) | Non-OECD migrants (n = 1,221) | ||
| Survey year | 2011 | 10,547 (45.2) | 787 (45.8) | 445 (40.6) | 12,950 (45.1) | 1,028 (44.3) | 496 (40.6) |
| 2015 | 12,811 (54.9) | 933 (54.2) | 651 (58.4) | 15,761 (54.9) | 1,294 (55.7) | 725 (59.4) | |
| Age at survey | Mean (SD) | 44.16 (14.06) | 46.63 (12.59) | 41.61 (13.50) | 43.34 (14.00) | 46.56 (12.72) | 39.85 (12.25) |
| Age at migration | 0–12 years | 461 (26.8) | 187 (17.1) | 547 (23.6) | 272 (22.3) | ||
| 13–17 years | 117 (6.8) | 95 (8.7) | 175 (7.5) | 81 (6.6) | |||
| 18–24 years | 271 (15.8) | 167 (15.2) | 512 (22.1) | 205 (16.8) | |||
| 25–34 years | 451 (26.2) | 408 (37.2) | 630 (27.1) | 385 (31.5) | |||
| 35–64 years | 420 (24.4) | 239 (21.8) | 458 (19.7) | 278 (22.8) | |||
| Duration of residence | ≥15 years | 1,073 (62.4) | 557 (50.8) | 1,513 (65.2) | 590 (48.3) | ||
| Mental health | |||||||
| Distress | GHQ-12 score >3 | 2,866 (12.3) | 265 (15.4) | 257 (23.5) | 5,337 (18.6) | 497 (21.4) | 295 (24.2) |
| Socioeconomic status | |||||||
| Educational level | Low | 10,590 (45.3) | 748 (43.5) | 406 (37.0) | 10,088 (35.1) | 866 (37.3) | 427 (35.0) |
| Medium | 8,768 (37.5) | 535 (31.1) | 325 (29.7) | 11,221 (39.1) | 708 (30.5) | 380 (31.1) | |
| High | 3,617 (15.5) | 345 (20.1) | 245 (22.4) | 7,014 (24.4) | 638 (27.5) | 309 (25.3) | |
| Unrecorded/missing | 383 (1.6) | 92 (5.4) | 120 (11.0) | 388 (1.4) | 110 (4.7) | 105 (8.6) | |
| Individual disposable income | Lowest Quintile | 4,035 (17.3) | 400 (23.3) | 345 (31.5) | 5,688 (19.8) | 558 (24.0) | 485 (39.7) |
| Highest Quintile | 7,333 (31.4) | 368 (21.4) | 117 (10.7) | 3,657 (12.7) | 244 (10.5) | 60 (4.9) | |
| Unrecorded/missing | 10 (0.0) | 53 (3.1) | 77 (7.0) | 12 (0.0) | 71 (3.0) | 57 (4.6) | |
| Household disposable income | Lowest Quintile | 4,177 (17.9) | 483 (28.1) | 367 (33.5) | 5,428 (18.9) | 629 (27.1) | 393 (32.2) |
| Highest Quintile | 5,040 (21.6) | 248 (14.4) | 107 (9.8) | 5,900 (20.6) | 307 (13.2) | 110 (9.0) | |
| Unrecorded/missing | 26 (0.1) | 55 (3.2) | 80 (7.3) | 24 (0.1) | 71 (3.1) | 59 (4.8) | |
| Civil status | Single | 13,204 (56.5) | 816 (47.4) | 503 (45.9) | 15,373 (53.5) | 1,062 (45.7) | 541 (44.3) |
| Married or cohabiting | 10,154 (43.5) | 904 (52.6) | 593 (54.1) | 13,338 (46.5) | 1,260 (54.3) | 680 (55.7) | |
| Citizenship | Swedish | 23,280 (99.7) | 1,022 (59.4) | 768 (70.0) | 28,614 (99.7) | 1,458 (62.8) | 857 (70.2) |
| Social cohesion | |||||||
| Received practical support | 22,457 (96.1) | 1,559 (90.6) | 881 (80.4) | 27,983 (97.5) | 2,139 (92.1) | 1,060 (86.8) | |
| Received emotional support | 20,489 (87.7) | 1,420 (82.6) | 764 (69.7) | 26,642 (92.8) | 2,017 (86.9) | 986 (90.8) | |
| Generally trusts people | 17,993 (77.0) | 1,078 (62.7) | 568 (51.8) | 22,525 (78.5) | 1,436 (61.8) | 660 (54.1) | |
| Participated in social activities | 22,009 (94.2) | 1,505 (87.5) | 879 (80.2) | 27,547 (96.0) | 2,058 (88.6) | 1,007 (82.5) | |
| Discrimination | |||||||
| Perceived discrimination | 232 (1.0) | 103 (6.0) | 170 (15.5) | 224 (0.8) | 139 (6.0) | 127 (10.4) | |
| Feared going out alone | 1,503 (6.4) | 185 (10.8) | 210 (19.2) | 8,469 (29.5) | 771 (33.2) | 487 (40.0) | |
| Exposed to threats | 712 (3.1) | 71 (4.1) | 69 (6.3) | 1290 (4.5) | 129 (5.6) | 74 (6.1) | |
| Exposed to physical violence | 712 (3.1) | 62 (3.6) | 57 (5.2) | 770 (2.7) | 59 (2.5) | 38 (3.1) | |