TABLE IV.

Summary of the representative publications for prolonged circulation of phthalocyanine/naphthalocyanine nanoparticles. PA, photoacoustic; ${\lambda }_{\text{max}}$, maximum absorption wavelength; AUC, area under the curve; $\eta$, photothermal conversion coefficient; $\overline{d}$, mean diameter; $\zeta$, zeta potential.

Group	Nanomaterial	Ligand type	Max. PA signal elapse (H)	Half lifetime (h)	Mean residence time (h)	Major features
Huang et al.99	PEG-Sn-ONc	PEG	24	5.6 ± 1.2	8.1 ± 1.8	• ${\lambda }_{\mathit{\text{max}}}$ = 930 nm
						• 4 times longer half-life
						• ∼10 times AUC.
Jia et al.101	HSA-FePc NPs	Human serum albumin	12	⋯	⋯	• $\eta$ = ∼ 44.4% (at 671 nm)
						• $\overline{d}$ = 55 nm
						• $\zeta$ = −26.9 mV
						• Low long-term toxicity
						• Preferential accumulation to tumor site
						• ∼51.3 wt% loading efficiency