Table 1.
Physical and SCI characteristics of all participants enrolled in the PMT and NMES-RT groups
| Characteristics | PMT Groupb (n = 13) | NMES-RT Group (n = 20) | P Values (within/between) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical characteristics | Age, yr | 41.5 ± 13 | 39 ± 11 | −/0.5 |
| Weight-BL, kg | 69.2 ± 13.1 | 78.9 ± 14.6 | 0.8/0.07 | |
| Weight-PI, kg | 67.4 ± 13.5 | 78.5 ± 16.7 | ||
| Height-BL, cm | 177.1 ± 8.1 | 177.5 ± 8.9 | 0.8/0.4 | |
| Height-PI, cm | 175 ± 11 | 177.2 ± 7.6 | ||
| BMI-BL, kg/m2 | 23.3 ± 5.0 | 25.1 ± 4.3 | 0.99/0.17 | |
| BMI-PI, kg/m2 | 22 ± 4.6 | 25 ± 5.1 | ||
| Sex | Male (10), female (3) | Male (18), female (2) | ||
| Ethnicity | White (6), Black (7) | White (11), Black (9) | ||
| Total caloric intake-week 1, kcal/day | 1,738 ± 979 (n = 13) |
1,883 ± 638 (n = 13) |
(0.2/0.57) | |
| Total caloric intake-week 12, kcal/day | 1,433 ± 516 (n = 9) |
1,567 ± 363 (n = 7) |
||
| % Carbohydrate intake week 1 | 45 ± 7.7 (n = 13) |
44 ± 7.3 (n = 13) |
(0.22/0.59) | |
| % Carbohydrate intake week 12 | 46.5 ± 7.7 (n = 9) |
48.5 ± 6.5 (n = 7) |
||
| % Fat intake week 1 | 36.4 ± 7 (n = 13) |
36 ± 5.5 (n = 13) |
(0.1/0.5) | |
| % Fat intake week 12 | 34 ± 7 (n = 9) |
31.7 ± 5.6 (n = 7) |
||
| % Protein intake week 1 | 17.75 ± 4.2 (n = 13) |
17.7 ± 4.4 (n = 13) |
(0.31/0.37) | |
| % Protein intake week 12 | 18.0 ± 4.0 (n = 9) |
20.0 ± 4.0 (n = 7) |
||
| SCI characteristics | SCI classification | Paraplegia (9)/tetraplegia (4) | Paraplegia (14)/tetraplegia (6) | |
| Neurological level of injury | C5–L1 | C5–T12 | ||
| AIS classification | A (7), B (4), C (2) | A (10), B (7), C (3) | ||
| Time since injury, yr | 11 ± 11 | 13 ± 11 | −/0.5 |
Discrepancy in the sample size of caloric intake and percentage macronutrients between BL and PI were attributed to the fact several participants did not turn in their dietary records toward week 12 in the study. Within-group P values indicate statistical differences from baseline to postintervention and between-group P values highlight the statistical differences between PMT and NMES-RT groups.
AIS, ASIA impairment scale classification; BL, baseline; NMES-RT, neuromuscular electrical stimulation-resistance training; PI, postintervention; PMT, passive movement training; SCI, spinal cord injury.