Table 3.

Cerebral and cardiovascular reactivity to hypocapnia pre- and postinterventions by groups

	SAT		AET		P Value (ANOVA)
	Pre	Post	Pre	Post	Time	Group	Time×Group
ΔEtCO2, mmHg	−19.3 (3.9)	−19.0 (3.0)	−19.2 (4.0)	−18.2 (3.0)	0.165	0.665	0.523
ΔHeart rate, beats/min	11.8 (7.2)	11.0 (7.9)	10.9 (5.7)	10.4 (4.4)	0.598	0.678	0.912
ΔMAP, mmHg	−12.7 (4.6)	−12.5 (4.5)	−12.8 (3.1)	−12.0 (3.5)	0.333	0.841	0.513
ΔCBFV, cm/s	−16.7 (6.0)	−15.6 (5.6)	−16.6 (6.7)	−19.0 (8.1)*	0.423	0.417	0.041
ΔCVCi, cm/s·mmHg	−0.13 (0.06)	−0.12 (0.05)	−0.12 (0.06)	−0.15 (0.08)	0.247	0.377	0.051
ΔCBFV, %	−33.9 (10.7)	−32.8 (8.9)	−33.5 (9.3)	−37.4 (9.4)	0.283	0.478	0.056
ΔCVCi, %	−24.2 (10.4)	−22.6 (7.6)	−22.9 (9.9)	−28.4 (10.3)*	0.159	0.445	0.014
ΔCBFV/ΔEtCO2, cm·s−1·mmHg−1	0.88 (0.32)	0.83 (0.31)	0.88 (0.37)	1.03 (0.35)*	0.269	0.358	0.029
%/mmHg	1.77 (0.49)	1.75 (0.48)	1.76 (0.41)	2.05 (0.34)*†	0.033	0.284	0.011
ΔCVCi/ΔEtCO2, cm/s·mmHg/mmHg	0.007 (0.003)	0.006 (0.003)	0.006 (0.003)	0.008 (0.004)*	0.166	0.349	0.038
%/mmHg	1.25 (0.47)	1.20 (0.42)	1.18 (0.45)	1.53 (0.44)*†	0.025	0.334	0.004
ΔMAP/ΔEtCO2, mmHg/mmHg	0.67 (0.25)	0.67 (0.25)	0.68 (0.19)	0.67 (0.20)	0.651	0.940	0.654

Data are presented as means ± SD. EtCO₂, end-tidal CO₂. Total of 37 subjects (19 in SAT and 18 in AET). Two-way repeated ANOVA was performed to test the main effects of time and group as well as the interaction effect of time-by-group. *P < 0.05 compared with pre. †P < 0.05 compared with SAT. Bold values represent P < 0.05.

AET, aerobic exercise training; ANOVA, analysis of variance; CBFV, cerebral blood flow velocity; CVCi, cerebrovascular conductance index; CVRi, cerebrovascular resistance index; Δ, changes from baseline during hypocapnia; EtCO₂, end-tidal CO₂; MAP, mean arterial pressure; SAT, stretching-and-toning.