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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2021 Jun 10;236:113782. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113782

Table 3.

Firefighter urine biomarker concentrationsA (μg/g creatinine) by job assignment compared to the general population (GP).

Pre-fire Concentration 3-Hour Post-fire
Concentration		 6-Hour Post-fire
Concentration		 12-Hour Post-fire Concentration
Biomar
ker		 Job Assignment N (N <
LODB)		 GM
(GSD)		 P-value
(vs. GP)		 N (N <
LODB)		 GM
(GSD)		 P-value
(vs. GP)		 N (N <
LODB)		 GM
(GSD)		 P-value
(vs. GP)		 N (N <
LODB)		 GM
(GSD)		 P-value
(vs. GP)
DPhP All Firefighters 36
(3)		 0.97
(1.98)		 0.103 36
(3)		 1.67
(1.94)		 <0.001E 36
(0)		 1.58
(1.96)		 <0.001E 36
(1)		 1.20
(2.13)		 0.003D
Exterior 12
(2)		 0.95
(2.37)		 0.489 12
(1)		 1.55
(2.05)		 0.009E 12
(0)		 1.38
(2.15)		 0.032 12
(0)		 1.22
(2.18)		 0.088
Interior 12
(1)		 1.04
(1.92)		 0.196 12
(1)		 1.72
(2.11)		 0.005E 12
(0)		 1.66
(2.31)		 0.012 12
(0)		 1.28
(2.53)		 0.105
Overhaul 12
(0)		 0.92
(1.74)		 0.403 12
(1)** 		1.75
(1.75)** 		<0.001E 12
(0)** 		1.72
(1.43)** 		<0.001E 12
(1)** 		1.10
(1.78)** 		0.080
General PopulationC 1901
(187)		 0.80
(2.59)		 Reference Reference Reference Reference
BDCPP All Firefighters 36
(0)		 2.38
(2.12)		 <0.001E 36
(0)		 2.70
(1.97)		 <0.001E 36
(0)		 2.57
(2.01)		 <0.001E 36
(0)		 2.13
(1.99)		 0<.001E
Exterior 12
(0)		 2.73
(2.22)		 <0.001E 12
(0)		 3.32
(2.11)		 <0.001E 12
(0)		 2.63
(2.07)		 <0.001E 12
(0)		 2.23
(1.97)		 0<.001E
Interior 12
(0)		 2.09
(2.10)		 0.003E 12
(0)		 2.25
(1.83)		 <0.001E 12
(0)		 2.07
(1.98)		 <0.001E 12
(0)		 1.86
(2.06)		 0.002E
Overhaul 12
(0)		 2.38
(2.13)		 <0.001E 12
(0)** 		2.64
(1.95)** 		<0.001E 12
(0)** 		3.11
(1.96)** 		<0.001E 12
(0)** 		2.33
(2.01)** 		0<.001E
General PopulationC 1886
(174)		 0.79
(2.83)		 Reference Reference Reference Reference
BCEtP All Firefighters 36
(6)		 0.28
(3.01)		 0.048D 36
(8)		 0.34
(2.09)		 0.117 36
(1)		 0.36
(1.83)		 0.170 36
(5)		 0.20
(2.03)		 <0.001D
Exterior 12
(2)		 0.47
(2.43)		 0.630 12
(2)		 0.38
(1.94)		 0.701 12
(1)		 0.37
(1.75)		 0.538 12
(2)		 0.23
(1.81)		 0.005D
Interior 12
(3)		 0.24
(2.92)		 0.119 12
(4)		 0.33
(2.10)		 0.302 12
(0)		 0.33
(1.78)		 0.195 12
(1)		 0.17
(2.51)		 0.006D
Overhaul 12
(1)		 0.20
(3.37)		 0.058 12
(2)** 		0.31
(2.34)** 		0.256 12
(0)** 		0.37
(2.02)**Ga 		0.641 12
(2)** 		0.21
(1.82)** 		0.002D
General PopulationC 1897
(240)		 0.41
(3.10)		 Reference Reference Reference Reference
A.

Metabolites with less than 60% detection rate are summarized in Supplemental Materials (Table S2).

B.

Limit of detection (LOD) for each analyte in μg/L: DPhP=0.16, BDCPP=0.11, BCEtP=0.08.

C.

Ospina, M., Jayatilaka, N., Wong, L.-Y., Restrepo, P., Calafat AM., 2018 Exposure to organophosphate flame retardant chemicals in the U.S. general population: Data from the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Environmental International. 110, 32-41. Participants aged 18 and older are included.

D.

Results were significantly lower than the general population.

E.

Results were significantly higher than the general population.

**

GM and GSD of general population were listed in the pre-fire columns.