Table 3.

Comparison of LV strain among T2DM patients with mild/moderate/severe regurgitation and normal controls

	Normal (n = 52)	T2DM with mild FMR (n = 21)	T2DM with moderate FMR (n = 19)	T2DM with severe FMR (n = 19)
LVEF, %	62.6 ± 5.8	47.4 ± 12.0*	49.6 (28.6, 62.8)*	40.2 ± 19.5*
PS, %
Radial	38.4 ± 8.7	22.8 ± 8.6*	16.1 ± 17.4*†	15.6 ± 10.3*†
Circumferential	− 19.9 ± 2.7	14.4 ± 4.2*	11.0 ± 5.1*†	8.9 (5.2, 13.8) *†
Longitudinal	− 14.8 ± 3.3	11.1 ± 3.2*	8.8 ± 3.4*†	7.2 (5.6, 10.9) *†
PSSR, 1/s
Radial	2.1 ± 0.7	1.3 ± 0.6*	1.0 ± 0.5*	1.1 (0.5, 1.1) *†
Circumferential	− 1.0 (− 1.1, − 0.9)	− 0.8 ± 0.3	− 0.7 ± 0.3*	− 0.6 ± 0.3*
Longitudinal	− 0.8 (− 0.9, − 0.6)	− 0.7 (− 0.8, − 0.6)	− 0.5 ± 0.2*	− 0.4 (− 0.5, − 0.3) *†
PDSR, 1/s
Radial	− 2.8 ± 0.9	− 1.5 ± 0.6*	− 1.0 ± 0.6*	− 0.9 ± 0.5*†
Circumferential	1.2 ± 0.3	0.9 ± 0.3*	0.7 ± 0.3*†	0.6 ± 0.3*†
Longitudinal	0.9 (0.8, 1.2)	0.6 (0.5, 1.0) *	0.6 ± 0.2*	0.5 ± 0.2*†

*P < 0.05, T2DM with FMR vs. normal; †P < 0.05, T2DM with severe/moderate FMR vs. T2DM with mild FMR

T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus,FMR functional mitral regurgitation, PS peak strain, PSSR peak systolic strain rate, PDSR peak diastolic strain rate