Table 2.

Factors associated with the risk of developing severe COVID-19 (self-reported) among study participants according to age. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2020.

	TotalN = 20,587	18–59 YearsN = 18,824	≥ 60 YearsN = 1763	p-value
Number of comorbidities
Mean (SD)	0.6 (0.9)	0.5 (0.9)	1.3 (1.3)	< .001
None	12434 (60.4)	11883 (63.1)	551 (31.3)	< .001
1	5254 (25.5)	4661 (24.8)	593 (33.6)
2	1861 (9.0)	1523 (8.1)	338 (19.2)
3+	1038 (5.0)	757 (4.0)	281 (15.9)
Type of Comorbidity
Obesity	3023 (14.7)	2784 (14.8)	239 (13.6)	0.16
Hypertension	2873 (14.0)	2129 (11.3)	744 (42.2)	< 0.001
Asthma or bronchitis	1845 (9.0)	1734 (9.2)	111 (6.3)	< 0.001
Diabetes (type I or II)	1091 (5.3)	763 (4.1)	328 (18.6)	< 0.001
Apnea	958 (4.7)	823 (4.4)	135 (7.7)	< 0.001
Cardiovascular diseases	566 (2.7)	385 (2.0)	181 (10.3)	< 0.001
HIV	512 (2.5)	487 (2.6)	25 (1.4)	0.003
Arthritis	461 (2.2)	300 (1.6)	161 (9.1)	< 0.001
Chronic liver disease	376 (1.8)	298 (1.6)	78 (4.4)	< 0.001
Cancer	251 (1.2)	136 (0.7)	115 (6.5)	< 0.001
Treated TB	156 (0.8)	126 (0.7)	30 (1.7)	< 0.001
COPD	137 (0.7)	74 (0.4)	63 (3.6)	< 0.001
Neurological conditions	127 (0.6)	110 (0.6)	17 (1.0)	0.051
Thalassemia	94 (0.5)	90 (0.5)	4 (0.2)	0.13
Stroke	58 (0.3)	34 (0.2)	24 (1.4)	< 0.001
Pulmonary fibrosis	22 (0.1)	12 (0.1)	10 (0.6)	< 0.001
Chronic kidney disease	19 (0.1)	15 (0.1)	4 (0.2)	0.052
Active TB	9 (0)	9 (0)	0 (0)	0.34
Organ transplantation	9 (0)	7 (0)	2 (0.1)	0.14
Tobacco/e-cigarette smoking				< 0.001
Never	13500 (65.6)	12832 (68.2)_	668 (37.9)
Former	4567 (22.2)	3695 (19.6)	872 (49.5)
Current	2520 (12.2)	2297 (12.2)	223 (12.6)

SD: standard deviation; TB: tuberculosis; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.