Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants.
| Characteristic | All subjects (n = 213) | Active group (n = 108) | Placebo group (n = 105) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 61.81 ± 11.98 | 60.94 ± 13.55 | 62.70 ± 10.11 | 0.287 |
| Gender (M/F) | 136/77 | 66/42 | 70/35 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.11 ± 4.18 | 28.79 ± 4.17 | 29.44 ± 4.19 | 0.256 |
| Smokers [yes (%)] | 53.52 | 51.54 | 55.00 | χ2 = 0.245, p = 0.623 |
| Physical activity [yes (%)] | 31 | 32.47 | 29.50 | χ2 = 0.207, p = 0.649 |
| T2DM [yes (n.)] | 60 | 28 | 32 | χ2 = 0.545, p = 0.460 |
| Hypertension [yes (n.)] | 74 | 39 | 35 | χ2 = 0.181, p = 0.670 |
| TMAO (μM) | 2.30 ± 2.05 | 2.19 ± 2.30 | 2.41 ± 1.75 | 0.440 |
| oxLDL (μEq/L) | 800.78 ± 185.61 | 795.96 ± 189.18 | 805.75 ± 185.75 | 0.701 |
| D-ROMs (UCARR) | 475.68 ± 129.15 | 477.08 ± 135.38 | 474.24 ± 123.04 | 0.873 |