Table 1.

Criteria and Scores for H&E-Stained Histopathological Lesions

Criteria		Score: Percent (%) of the Visual Field for the Respective Criteria
Glomeruli	Damaged glomeruli	0: No change
Renal tubular	Irregular contour and dilatation	1: <15% change
	Brush border loss of proximal tubular cells	2: 16–30% change
		3: 31–50% change
		4: >50% change
Other	Necrosis	The total amount
	Inflammatory cell infiltration
	Crystalline-type deposit

Abbreviations: BBR, Berberine; BC, Betweenness centrality; BZB, Benzbromarone; BUN, Blood urea nitrogen; CRE, Creatinine; ELISA, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; HUA, Hyperuricemia; HX, Hypoxanthine; H&E, Hematoxylin and eosin; HPLC, High-performance liquid chromatography; IL, Interleukin; NLRP3, Nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3; PMSF, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride; PO, Potassium oxonate; PPI, Protein-protein interaction; PVDF, polyvinylidene fluoride; RIPA, Radioimmunoprecipitation assay; TBST, Tris-buffered saline-Tween 20; URAT1, Urate transporter 1; UA, Uric acid; XOD, Xanthine oxidase.