Table 3.
RV475/HIVNAT209 Newborns’ Characteristics From Before Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation
| RV475/HIVNAT 209 Visit 1 Subgroups | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | RV475/HIVNAT 209 Visit 1 (n = 31) | Continuous Prophylaxis (n = 11) | Discontinued ARV (n = 20) | P Value Between Subgroupsa |
| Age, mo, median (IQR) | 2.1 (1.5–2.8) | 1 (1–1.5) | 2.8 (2–3.8) | < .001 |
| Sex, female, No. (%) | 19 (61) | 7 (64) | 12 (59) | 1.0 |
| CD4 T-cell counts, cells/µL, median (IQR)b | 2921 (2131–3447) | 2856 (2514–4179) | 2985 (1852–3285) | .24 |
| CD8 T-cell counts, cells/µL, median (IQR)c | 2415 (1872–2858) | 2526 (1664–3355) | 2415 (1687–2721) | .95 |
| Ratio CD4/CD8, median (IQR) | 1.2 (0.9–1.4) | 1.4 (1.1–2.1) | 0.96 (0.8–1.4) | .17 |
| Detectable VL, log10 HIV RNA copies/mL, median (IQR) | 5.3 (3.5–6.1) | 3 (2.7–3.6) | 6 (5.4–6.3) | < .001 |
| VL < 50 copies/mL, No. (%) | 1 (3) | 1 (9) | 0 (0) | .37 |
| VL < 1000 copies/mL, No. (%) | 7 (23) | 7 (55) | 0 (0) | < .001 |
| HIV transmission, No. (%) | < .001 | |||
| In utero | 9 (29) | 8 (73) | 1 (5) | |
| Peripartum | 13 (42) | 3 (27) | 10 (50) | |
| Unknown | 9 (29) | 0 (0) | 9 (45) | |
| Prophylactic ARVs, No. (%) | .01 | |||
| None | 3 (10) | 0 (0) | 3 (15) | |
| ZDV | 7 (22) | 0 (0) | 7 (35) | |
| ZDV + 3TC + NVP | 21 (68) | 11 (100) | 10 (50) | |
| Duration of ARV prophylaxis, d, median (IQR) | 31 (28–42) | 31 (28–44) | 37 (28–42) | .7 |
| Time between end of ARV prophylaxis and visit 1 sampling, wk, median (IQR) | 3.9 (0–6.9) | 0 (0–0) | 6.1 (3.9–9.9) | < .001 |
| Percentage of lifetime without ARVs, median (IQR) | 43 (0–62) | 0 (0–0) | 50 (44–71) | < .001 |
Abbreviations: 3TC, lamivudine; ARV, antiretroviral; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range; NVP, nevirapine; VL, viral load; ZDV, zidovudine.
a P values between groups: Wilcoxon tests for continuous variables and Fisher test for categorical variables. Significant P values are indicated in bold.
bCD4 T-cell counts: only 22 samples available.
cCD8 T-cells counts: only 15 samples available.