Table 2.
Characteristics of the participants with prediabetes, categorised according to vitamin D status.
| Vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D<49.9 nmol/L] (%) | Vitamin D insufficiency (49.9–74.9 nmol/L) (%) | Vitamin D sufficiency (>74.9 nmol/L) (%) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No., % | 43 (62.3) | 14 (20.3) | 12 (17.4) | |
| Age, years | 0.816 | |||
| >40 | 39 (90.7) | 13 (92.9) | 12 (100.0) | |
| Female | 38 (88.4) | 14 (100.0) | 8 (66.7) | 0.035 |
| Smoking | 7 (16.3) | 6 (42.9) | 2 (16.7) | 0.158 |
| Alcohol | 17 (39.5) | 4 (28.6) | 6 (50.0) | 0.534 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.896 | |||
| Obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) | 19 (44.2) | 7 (50.0) | 6 (50.0) | |
| Hypertension | 10 (23.3) | 3 (21.4) | 1 (8.3) | 0.628 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 7 (16.3) | 4 (28.6) | 2 (16.7) | 0.617 |
| NAFLD | 13 (30.2) | 5 (35.7) | 5 (41.7) | 0.717 |
| TSH status | 0.503 | |||
| Euthyroidism | 34 (79.1) | 13 (92.9) | 11 (91.7) | |
| Hypothyroidism | 3 (7.0) | 1 (7.1) | 1 (8.3) | |
| Hyperthyroidism | 6 (14.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Data are n (%). P-values were derived from multiple linear regression analysis.
BMI, body mass index; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone.