Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of COVID-19 deaths by nativityb
| Full Population | White | Black | Latino | Asian | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US-born | Foreign-born | % Diff | US-born | Foreign-born | % Diff | US-born | Foreign-born | % Diff | US-born | Foreign-born | % Diff | US-born | Foreign-born | % Diff | |
| Age (mean) | 82.0 | 72.5 | − 11.6% | 82.8 | 84.8 | 2.4% | 69.8 | 69.0 | − 1.1% | 71.8 | 64.3 | − 10.4% | 55.9 | 71.5 | 27.9% |
| 0.0000 | 0.0361 | 0.6174 | 0.0058 | 0.0003 | |||||||||||
| Female (%) | 49.4 | 44.7 | − 9.5 | 49.7 | 63.4 | 27.6 | 43.3 | 40.1 | − 7.4 | 42.1 | 30.3 | − 28.0 | 42.9 | 44.0 | 2.6 |
| 0.0317 | 0.0021 | 0.5762 | 0.129 | 0.9361 | |||||||||||
| Education | |||||||||||||||
| No HS diploma (%) | 14.6 | 38.3 | 162.3 | 14.4 | 22.1 | 53.5 | 17.2 | 38.8 | 125.6 | 28.1 | 63.3 | 125.3 | 7.1 | 34.8 | 390.1 |
| 0.0000 | 0.0128 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0334 | |||||||||||
| HS diploma (%) | 45.9 | 25.7 | − 44.0 | 46.4 | 33.6 | − 27.6 | 42.0 | 24.5 | − 41.7 | 28.1 | 19.3 | − 31.3 | 28.6 | 25.1 | − 12.2 |
| 0.0000 | 0.0036 | 0.0011 | 0.1979 | 0.7751 | |||||||||||
| Some college + (%) | 38.7 | 27.4 | − 29.2 | 38.8 | 42.0 | 8.2 | 35.7 | 32.7 | − 8.4 | 35.1 | 12.8 | − 63.5 | 64.3 | 22.2 | − 65.5 |
| 0.0000 | 0.4565 | 0.5811 | 0.0007 | 0.0004 | |||||||||||
| Unknown | 0.7% | 8.6% | 1128.6% | 0.4% | 2.3% | 475.0% | 5.1% | 4.1% | − 19.6% | 8.8% | 4.6% | − 47.7% | 0.0% | 17.9% | N/A |
| 0.0000 | 0.0028 | 0.6746 | 0.2847 | 0.0837 | |||||||||||
| Place of Death | |||||||||||||||
| Home (%) | 8.2 | 10.6 | 29.3 | 8.0 | 6.1 | − 23.8 | 11.5 | 12.2 | 6.1 | 5.3 | 15.6 | 194.3 | 28.6 | 9.7 | − 66.1 |
| 0.0430 | 0.4255 | 0.8341 | 0.0526 | 0.0278 | |||||||||||
| Healthcar (%)e | 33.2 | 64.5 | 94.3 | 32.0 | 26.7 | − 16.6 | 51.6 | 76.2 | 47.7 | 52.6 | 77.1 | 46.6 | 42.9 | 73.9 | 72.3 |
| 0.0000 | 0.2014 | 0.0000 | 0.0012 | 0.0122 | |||||||||||
| Long-term care (%) | 57.7 | 24.0 | − 58.4 | 59.0 | 65.6 | 11.2 | 35.0 | 11.6 | − 66.9 | 42.1 | 6.4 | − 84.8 | 28.6 | 15.5 | − 45.8 |
| 0.0000 | 0.1293 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.2002 | |||||||||||
| Other | 1.0% | 0.8% | − 20.0% | 0.9% | 1.5% | 66.7% | 1.9% | 0.0% | − 100.0% | 0.0% | 0.9% | N/A | 0.0% | 1.0% | N/A |
| 0.7630 | 0.5004 | 0.0927 | 0.4713 | 0.7133 | |||||||||||
| n | 5,065 | 595 | 4,764 | 131 | 157 | 147 | 57 | 109 | 14 | 207 | |||||
The italicized numbers are p-values for the difference between US-born and Foreign-born Minnesotans
bRace-specific COVID-19 deaths will not add up to total US-born and foreign-born COVID-19 deaths due to dropped Native American COVID-19 deaths as well as missing race data on some death certificates (n = 74)