Table 5.

Multivariable Survey Regression Analysis to Estimate the SF-6D of Asthma Patients by Severity, 2010–2016

	SF-6D
	Coefficient	SE	P-value
Asthma severity (ref: mild asthma)
Moderate	−0.003	0.005	0.482
Severe	−0.059	0.017	0.001
ED visits	−0.039	0.005	<0.001
Hospitalizations	−0.042	0.007	<0.001
Age (years) (ref: 18–34)
35–64	−0.054	0.005	<0.001
≥65	−0.023	0.008	0.003
Sex (ref: male)
Female	−0.020	0.005	<0.001
Race (ref: White)
Black	0.033	0.005	<0.001
Othera	−0.006	0.008	0.492
Hispanic (ref: no)
Yes	0.018	0.006	0.001
Region (ref: northwest)
Midwest	−0.020	0.007	0.005
South	−0.022	0.007	0.001
West	−0.021	0.007	0.006
Marital status (ref: not married)
Married	−0.004	0.088	0.630
Widowed	−0.009	0.007	0.202
Divorced/separated	0.010	0.006	0.107
Education (ref: advanced degree)
Less than high school diploma	−0.046	0.008	<0.001
High school graduate	−0.025	0.008	0.001
Bachelor’s degree	−0.021	0.007	0.002
Income level (ref: >80,000)
≤20,000	−0.076	0.007	<0.001
>20,000–40,000	−0.050	0.006	<0.001
>40,000–80,000	−0.023	0.005	<0.001
Insurance (ref: uninsured)
Any private	0.037	0.009	<0.001
Public only	−0.038	0.010	<0.001
Smoking	−0.031	0.007	<0.001
CCIb	−0.021	0.002	<0.001
Intercept	0.872	0.013	<0.001

Notes: ^aOther includes American Indian, Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, and multiple races. ^bCharlson Comorbidity Index includes myocardial infarction, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, dementia, cerebrovascular disease, connective tissue disease, ulcer disease mild liver disease hemiplegia, moderate or severe renal disease, diabetes, tumor, moderate or severe liver, and metastatic solid tumor.

Abbreviations, SF-6D, short-form six-dimension; PCS, physical component summary; MCS, mental component summary; SE, standard error; ED, emergency department; CCI, charlson comorbidity index.