Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Article | Diagnostic criteria for insomnia | Sample size in the experimental group | Sample size in the control group | Intervention(s) in the experimental group | Intervention(s) in the control group | Frequency of AA | Duration of treatment | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zhang (23) | ICD-10,CCMD-3 | 20 | 20 in each control group | AA | Estazolam in control group (1); mental health education in control group (2) | Four to five times a day | 8 weeks | PSQI, Response rate |
| Zhao (24) | CCMD-3 | 30 | 30 | AA | Estazolam | Four times a day | 8 weeks | Response rate |
| Zhou et al. (25) | CCMD-3 | 30 | 30 | AA | Estazolam | Four to five times a day | 1 month | PSQI, Response rate |
| Zheng and Liu (26) | CCMD-2 | 40 | 40 | AA | Estazolam | Not reported | 8 weeks | PSQI |
| Zou et al. (19) | DSM-IV-TR | 32 | 31 | AA | Sham AA | Three to five times a day | 8 weeks | PSQI, Response rate, Use of sleep medications, adverse reactions |
| Yin (27) | CCMD-2 | 45 in each experimental group | 45 | AA in experimental group (1); AA + foot bath in experimental group (2) | Foot bath | Not reported | 4 weeks | PSQI, adverse reactions |
| Huang et al. (28) | CCMD | 40 | 40 | AA | Estazolam | Four to five times a day | 2 months | Response rate |
| Li and Zhang (29) | CCMD | 40 | 40 | AA + routine nursing care | Routine nursing care (health education, emotional support, etc.) | Three to five times a day | 4 weeks | PSQI, Response rate |
ICD-10, International Classification of Diseases (10th edition); CCMD-2, Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (2nd edition); CCMD-3, Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (3rd edition); DSM-IV-TR, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition-Text Revision; AA, auricular acupressure; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.