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. 2021 Feb 12;190(8):1519–1532. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwab032

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© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Averaged cumulative hazard (A) and averaged difference in hazard rate (B) of the unfavorable outcome for time from antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation to unfavorable outcome for patients initiating same-day ART versus early ART, under a treat-all policy, Eswatini, 2014–2016. The adjusted hazard ratio for same-day ART was 1.48 (95% confidence interval: 1.16, 1.89) and varied over time with higher hazard of the unfavorable outcome during the first year of ART. The line at 0 in (B) indicates the reference group (early ART). PY, person-years.