Table 1.

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, detected with a double antigen ELISA test, in dogs from France before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

	Sample description	No. of sera	No. of positive (%)	No. of doubtful (%)	No. of sera reacted with ELISA (%)
Total sera*	Before the pandemic	449	4 (0.9%)	1 (0.2%)	5 (1.1%)
	During the pandemic	453	22 (4.8%)	3 (0.6%)	25 (5.5%)
	Statistics		Khi2 = 13.56; p < 0.001
Sera sampled one time	Before the pandemic	356	3 (0.8%)	0 (0%)	3 (0.8%)
	During the pandemic	235	14 (5.9%)	0 (0%)	14 (5.9%)
	Statistics		Khi2 = 13.26; p < 0.001
Activity of the investigated dogs during the pandemic	MWD	397	15 (3.7%)	2 (0.5%)	17 (4.3%)
	SD and PD	56	7 (12.5%)	0 (0%)	7 (12.5%)
	Statistics		Khi2 = 6.61; p < 0.02

SD: shelter dogs, MWD: military working dogs, PD: pet dogs, *: only one serum sample from each dog at each time-period.