TABLE 1.
Characteristics of included randomized controlled trials.
| Study (reference number) | Country | N (Case: Control) | Type of study | Administered Canagliflozin Dose | Subject type | % female | Duration in weeks | Age (years) | Glycated hemoglobin level | Main outcome measures |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B Bode, et al. (2015) | USA | 714 (477/237) | Randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trail | 100 mg/d;300 mg/d | type 2 diabetes mellitus | 318 (44.5%) | 104 | 50–80 years | HbA1c≥7.0 to≤10.0% | Glycaemic Efficacy Endpoints. Safety and Tolerability. |
| Neal et al. (2017) (CANVAS) | Australian | 10142 (5795/4347) | Randomize, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trail | 100 mg/d;300 mg/d | type 2 diabetes mellitus | 3633 (35.8) | 13 | More than 30 years old(mena age=63.3 | ≥7.0% and ≤10.5% | Cardiovascular Risk; Cardiovascular Outcomes, Death, and Hospitalizations; Renal Outcomes; Safety Outcomes |
| Perkovic et al. (2019) (CREDENCE) | Australian | 4401 (2202/2199) | Randomize, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trail | 100 mg/d; | DKD | 1494 (33.9) | 13 | at least 30 years of age |
6.5 to 10.5% in Germany, according to a country amendment | Renal components Safety Outcomes; Cardiovascular Risk |
| T. Forst (2014) | Germany | 342 (113/114/115) | Randomize, double-blind, parallel-group, PBO/SITA-controlled trail | 100 mg/d;300 mg/d | type 2 diabetes mellitus | 126 (36.8) | 52 | aged ≥18 and ≤ 80 years |
≥7.0% to ≤10.5% | Efficacy: Glycaemic Efficacy Endpoints. Body Weight, BP and Lipids, β-Cell Function; Safety and Tolerability |
| Lavalle-Gonzalez et al. (2013) | Mexico | 1284 (368/367/183/366) | Randomize, double-blind, parallel-group, PBO/SITA-controlled trail | 100 mg/d;300 mg/d | type 2 diabetes mellitus | 679 (52.9) | 52 | aged ≥18 and ≤80 years | ≥7.0% and ≤10.5% | Effect on glycaemic variables; Effect on body weight, BP and lipids; Safety and tolerability |
| Lining Ji, et al. (2015) | China | 678 (223/227/226) | Randomize, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trail | 100 mg/d;300 mg/d | type 2 diabetes mellitus | 114 (50.2) | 18 | ≥18 and ≤80 years | (HbA1c) ≥7.0 and ≤10.5% | Efficacy: Glycaemic Efficacy Endpoints; body Weight and BP; Lipids; Safety |
| K.Stenlof (2013) | Sweden | 584 (195/197/192) | Randomize, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trail | 100 mg/d;300 mg/d | type 2 diabetes mellitus | 326 (55.8%) | 26 | 18–80 years of age | ≥7.0 and ≤10.0% | High Glycaemic Substudy; Glycaemic Efficacy Endpoints; Body Weight, BP and Lipids; β-cell Function; High Glycaemic Substudy |
| J.P.H Wilding, et al. (2013) | UK | 469 (157/156/156) | Randomize, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trail | 100 mg/d;300 mg/d | type 2 diabetes mellitus | 230 (49.0) | 52 | 18-80 years | HbA1c≥7.0 and ≤10.5% | Efficacy: Glycaemic Efficacy Endpoints; Other efficacy end-points; Safety and tolerability |
| J-F Yale (2014) | Canada | 269 (90/90/89) | Randomize, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trail | 100 mg/d;300 mg/d | type 2 diabetes mellitus | 106 (39.4) | 52 | ≥25 years of age | ≥7.0 and ≤10.5% | Overall Safety and Tolerability. Measures of Renal Function. |
| Rong Qiu et al. (2014) | USA | 480 (93/93/93) | Randomize, double-blind, placebo-controlled trail. | 100 mg/d;300 mg/d | type 2 diabetes mellitus | 149 (53.4) | 18 | Aged 18 to 80 years | ≥7.0 and ≤10.5% | Efficacy: Glycaemic parameters; Body weight, and lipids; Safety |
BP, blood pressure