Table 2.

Univariate analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis of clinical factors influencing overall survival outcomes in the training cohort

Variable	Univariate analysis, p value	Multivariate analysis, HR (95% CI)	p value
Sex, male	0.238
Age, years	0.148
Hypertension	0.804
Diabetes	0.334
Hepatitis B	0.022		0.324
Liver cirrhosis	0.032		0.015
Absent		ref
Present		2.227 (1.169–4.242)
Hypersplenism	0.888
ALT, IU/L	0.582
AST, IU/L	0.750
ALB, g/L	0.650
TBIL, μmol/L	0.831
PT, s	0.247
INR	0.480
AFP level, ng/mL	0.696
CA 125 level, U/mL	0.083		0.839
CA 19-9 level	0.003		< 0.001
< 35 U/mL		ref
≥ 35 U/mL		3.984 (2.146–7.407)
CEA level	0.172
Tumor size	0.007		0.006
≤ 5 cm		ref
> 5 cm		2.293 (1.263–4.167)
Differentiation	0.409

Abbreviations: HR Hazard ratio, ALT Alanine aminotransferase, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, ALB Albumin, TBIL Total bilirubin, PT Prothrombin time, INR International normalized ratio, AFP Alpha fetoprotein, CA Carbohydrate antigen, CEA Carcinoembryonic antigen, ref Reference