Figure 2.

Interactions between the gut microbiota and mucosal immune system in steady state and peri-transplant environments. (A) Pre-transplant interaction between the intestinal tract, mucosal immune system and the microbiome. (B) Peri-transplant interaction between the inflamed intestinal tract, infiltrating donor populations, some of which alloreactive T cells that cause graft-versus-host disease, and the perturbed microbiome, often colonized with potential pathogens, such as Enterococcus faecalis/faecium. APC: antigen-presenting cell; DAMPS: damage-associated patterns; GvHD: graft-versus-host disease; LPS: lipopolysaccharides; PAMPS: pathogen-associated patterns. Created with BioRender.com