Table 1.
Items used in Survey Questionnaire
| Constructs | Adapted form | Measurement Items |
|---|---|---|
| Awareness of COVID-19 | Al-Hattami, 2020 |
1. Moving to online learning format is a positive protective decision to avoid COVID-19 infection 2. Using the online learning format is a good decision to continue education during COVID-19 situation 3. Online learning during the COVID-19 situation brings more advantages than disadvantages 4. Online learning is a convenient way to continue education and avoid the spread of COVID-19 |
| Computer & Internet Self Efficacy | Hung et al., 2010 |
1. I feel confident in performing the basic computer functions required for online learning 2. I feel confident in my knowledge and skills of how to manage software for online learning 3. I feel confident in using the Internet to find or gather information for online learning |
| Online Communication Self Efficacy | Hung et al., 2010 |
1. I feel confident in using online tools to effectively communicate with others during the online learning sessions 2. I feel confident in expressing myself through text/ chat-box during online learning session 3. I feel confident in posting/ asking questions during online learning sessions |
| Attitude towards E- Learning | Shaft et al., 2004 |
Online learning enhances my creativity during COVID-19 situation. Online learning is helpful for me during COVID-19 situation. Online learning is enjoyable. Online learning increases my productivity during COVID-19. |
| Perceived Net Benefits | Salam & Farooq, 2020 |
1. Online learning involves all students actively during COVID-19 2. My academic performance is enhanced by using Online Learning during COVID-19 3. Use of Online Learning promotes critical thinking skills and collaborative knowledge building during COVID-19 situation 4. Online Learning has enhanced my interaction with my peers and my teachers during COVID-19 situation 5. I can monitor my individual progress (i.e. personal growth) using Online Learning during COVID-19 |
| Intention towards online learning | Ji et al. (2019); Xu and Wang (2017) |
1. I intend to use online learning during COVID-19 situation 2. I plan to use online learning during COVID-19 situation 3. I intend to recommend online learning to others during COVID-19 situation |