Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| Characteristic | Healthy controls (n = 56) | Patients with an MDE; mean ± SD or n (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Before treatment (M0) (n = 56) | After treatment (M3) (n = 56) | Responders (M3) (n = 32) | Nonresponders (M3) (n = 24) | ||
| Age, yr | 41.9 ± 12.7 | 41.9 ± 11.6 | — | 40.7 ± 11.99 | 43.7 ± 10.99 |
| Male | 17 (30.4) | 18 (32.1) | 11 (34.4) | 7 (29.1) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | — | 24 ± 5.3 | 25.2 ± 5.3 | 24.5 ± 4.65 | 24.4 ± 6.24 |
| HDRS score | — | 23.6 ± 3.8 | 12.3 ± 8.93§ | 23.0 ± 3.93 | 24.3 ± 3.67 |
| History of an MDE | — | 31 (55.4) | — | 19 (59.3) | 12 (50.0) |
| No. of previous MDEs | — | 1.65 ± 1.02 | — | 1.5 ± 0.9 | 1.8 ± 1.2 |
| History of antidepressant use | — | 25 (44.6) | — | 13 (40.6) | 12 (50.0) |
| Current antidepressant use (SSRI/SNRI)* | 31 (55.4)/25 (44.6) | — | 20 (62.5)/12 (37.5) | 11 (45.8)/13 (54.2) | |
| Tobacco use | 5 (8.9) | 16 (28.6) | — | 8 (25.0) | 8 (33.3) |
| Diabetes | — | 3 (5.4) | 1 (3.1) | 2 (8.3) | |
| Responders† | — | — | 32 (57.1) | — | — |
| Remitters‡ | — | — | 24 (42.8) | — | — |
BMI = body mass index; HDRS = Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (17 items); MDE = major depressive episode; SD = standard deviation; SSRI = selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, SNRI = serotonin noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor.
*
Current antidepressant use refers to the treatment patients received after study inclusion and sample collection.
†
Response to treatment was defined by a > 50% decrease in score on the HDRS after 3 months of treatment.
‡
Remitters were those who had an HDRS score < 7.
§
p < 0.05.