Table 3.

Clinical outcomes of mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 ARDS and historical control subjects

	COVID-19 (n = 27)	Viral ARDS (n = 14)	Bacterial ARDS (n = 21)	Culture-Negative ARDS (n = 30)	P Value*	Adjusted P Value†
Duration of mechanical ventilation, median (IQR), d	13.5 (8.0–18.0)	7.5 (2.5–14.8)	8.0 (5.0–25.0)	7.0 (5.3–9.8)	0.06	0.86
VFDs, median (IQR), d	0 (0–13.0)	20.50 (11.8–24.5)	0 (0–20.0)	17.0 (0–21.8)	0.02	0.19
60-d mortality, n (%)‡	12 (44.4)	3 (21.4)	8 (38.1)	12 (40.0)	0.54	0.84

Definition of abbreviations: ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome; COVID-19 = coronavirus disease; IQR = interquartile range; VFDs = ventilator-free days.

^*Unadjusted statistical comparisons between the four groups were performed by Fisher exact test for 60-day mortality and Kruskal-Wallis test for duration of mechanical ventilation and VFDs.

^†Adjusted statistical comparisons between COVID-19 and non–COVID-19 ARDS (viral, bacterial, or culture negative) were performed with regression models (linear for duration of mechanical ventilation, zero-inflated binomial for VFDs, and logistic for 60-d mortality), adjusted for the confounding effects of age, sex, and nursing home residence before admission.

^‡60-day mortality data did not include one subject with COVID-19 who remained hospitalized at the time of analysis.