TABLE A1.
Mean values of environmental factors in the litter and soil layer in the four land‐use systems studied (rainforest, jungle rubber, rubber, and oil palm plantations) in the years 2013 and 2016
| Year | Water content (%) | pH | C‐to‐N ratio | NLFA 16:1ω5c (c nmol/g) | PLFA 18:2ω6,9 (%) | PLFA 20:5ω3 (%) | Gr+ bacteria (%) | Gr− bacteria (%) | Araneae log10 (ind/sample) | Formicidae log10 (ind/sample) | Mesostigmata log10 (ind/sample) | Oribatida log10 (ind/sample) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Litter layer | |||||||||||||
| Rainforest | 2013 (n = 8) | 184.0 | 4.3 | 31.9 | 6.7 | 18.4 | 0.7 | 33.8 | 30.4 | 0.32 | 0.73 | 1.53 | 2.09 |
| Rainforest | 2016 (n = 11) | 71.61 | 3.8 | 25.1 | 11.4 | 17.7 | 1.4 | 46.3 | 40.2 | 0.19 | 0.37 | 1.13 | 1.91 |
| Jungle rubber | 2013 (n = 8) | 198.0 | 5.1 | 27.1 | 21.4 | 18.1 | 0.3 | 36.4 | 28.2 | 0.07 | 0.13 | 1.10 | 2.03 |
| Oil palm | 2013 (n = 7) | 149.4 | 5.4 | 29.4 | 13.9 | 17.4 | 0.3 | 37.5 | 27.9 | 0.04 | 0.15 | 0.99 | 1.56 |
| Oil palm | 2016 (n = 11) | 35.3 | 5.1 | 22.1 | 7.2 | 15.2 | 1.4 | 46.9 | 37.6 | 0 | 0 | 0.82 | 1.32 |
| Rubber | 2013 (n = 7) | 116.1 | 5.5 | 29.5 | 15.1 | 20.7 | 0.7 | 39.9 | 24.8 | 0 | 0.51 | 1.07 | 1.72 |
| Rubber | 2016 (n = 11) | 41.0 | 5.3 | 26.7 | 8.3 | 20.8 | 1.4 | 40.5 | 38.6 | 0.08 | 0.22 | 0.85 | 1.28 |
| Soil layer | |||||||||||||
| Rainforest | 2013 (n = 8) | 71.7 | 3.7 | 15.1 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 0.3 | 58.4 | 37.8 | 0.35 | 1.03 | 0.81 | 1.08 |
| Rainforest | 2016 (n = 12) | 73.6 | 3.9 | 14.1 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 0.9 | 68.4 | 43.8 | 0.33 | 0.82 | 0.64 | 0.91 |
| Jungle rubber | 2013 (n = 8) | 95.5 | 4.3 | 17.0 | 15.0 | 10.2 | 0.3 | 50.2 | 24.3 | 0.32 | 0.39 | 0.56 | 1.11 |
| Oil palm | 2013 (n = 8) | 77.4 | 4.7 | 13.4 | 18.6 | 8.1 | 0.1 | 55.1 | 30.6 | 0.04 | 0.25 | 0.83 | 1.58 |
| Oil palm | 2016 (n = 10) | 43.3 | 4.9 | 12. | 18.8 | 6.7 | 0.3 | 72.1 | 29.1 | 0.19 | 0.62 | 1.14 | 1.24 |
| Rubber | 2013 (n = 8) | 59.0 | 4.3 | 11.9 | 13.9 | 8.8 | 0.1 | 45.5 | 21.7 | 0.13 | 0.59 | 0.88 | 1.38 |
| Rubber | 2016 (n = 12) | 39.8 | 5.0 | 14.5 | 5.9 | 7.7 | 0.5 | 65.1 | 30.7 | 0.29 | 0.52 | 0.58 | 0.81 |
PLFA 18:2ω6,9, PLFA 20:5ω3, Gr+ bacteria markers (i15:0, a15:0, i16:0, i17:0), and Gr− bacteria markers (2OH 12:0, 2OH 14:0, 16:1ω7, cy17:0, 2OH 16:0, cy19:0, 2OH 10:0) were as results from arcsine square root transformation; Araneae, Formicidae, Mesostigmata, and Oribatida were as results from log transformation; and n represents the number of plot in each year.