Table 5.
Diagnoses reported within the literature of COVID-19 kidney biopsies (n = 158 native and 7 allograft biopsies)
| Diagnosis | Number of cases | Frequency of cases in literature, % | Published references |
|---|---|---|---|
| Native kidney biopsies (n = 159) | |||
| Collapsing glomerulopathy | 58 | 36.7 | 7, 8, 9,15,20,21,28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42 |
| Acute tubular injury | 46 | 29.1 | 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 7, 8, 9 |
| FSGS, noncollapsing | 8 | 5.1 | 9,19,20,28 |
| Thrombotic microangiopathy | 7 | 4.4 | 7,9,16,20,25,26 |
| Crescentic GN, pauci-immune | 7 | 4.4 | 20,50,51 |
| IgA nephropathy | 6 | 3.8 | 20,41,47, 48, 49 |
| Minimal change disease | 5 | 3.2 | 8,9,21 |
| Membranous glomerulopathy | 5 | 3.2 | 8,20,41 |
| Diabetic glomerulopathy | 4 | 2.5 | 9,11,14,16,26,41 |
| Oxalate nephropathy | 2 | 1.3 | 14,43 |
| Anti-GBM antibody disease | 2 | 1.3 | 45,46 |
| Granulomatous tubulointerstitial nephritis | 1 | 0.6 | 27 |
| Acute interstitial nephritis | 1 | 0.6 | 14 |
| Lupus nephritis | 1 | 0.6 | 8 |
| MPGN, immune complex type (COVIC) | 1 | 0.6 | 44 |
| Infection-associated glomerulonephritis | 1 | 0.6 | 9 |
| Cortical infarct | 1 | 0.6 | 8 |
| Arteritis | 1 | 0.6 | 20 |
| Amyloidosis | 1 | 0.6 | 11,20 |
| Light chain cast nephropathy | 1 | 0.6 | 20 |
| Transplant kidney biopsies (n = 7) | |||
| Antibody-mediated rejection | 2 | 28.6 | 9 |
| T cell–mediated rejection | 1 | 14.3 | 8 |
| Acute tubular injury | 1 | 14.3 | 22 |
| Calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity | 1 | 14.3 | 20 |
| Collapsing glomerulopathy | 1 | 14.3 | 42 |
| Severe IF/TA | 1 | 14.3 | 20 |
COVIC, COVID-19–associated immune complex disease; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; FSGS, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; GBM, glomerular basement membrane; GN, glomerulonephritis; IF, interstitial fibrosis; MPGN, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis; TA, tubular atrophy.