Table 2.
Subgroup analyses for the effects of FMD on the markers of endothelial function.
Trial characteristic | Meta-regression analysis | Subgroup analysis | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P value | 95% CI | Stratification variable | Number of effect sizes | Pooled WMD | 95% CI | P value within subgroups | I 2 (%) | |
Age | 0.16 | (−5.29, 1.14) | ≤35 y | 7 | 2.41 | (1.15, 3.68) | <0.001 | 84.4 |
≥60 y | 5 | 0.66 | (−0.70, 2.01) | 0.008 | 74.5 | |||
| ||||||||
Gender | 0.42 | (−3.70, 1.82) | >50% male | 10 | 2.20 | (0.83, 3.56) | <0.001 | 90.8 |
≤50% male | 2 | 0.28 | (−0.66, 1.21) | 0.839 | 0 | |||
| ||||||||
Health status | 0.86 | (−4.25, 4.90) | Asymptomatic | 9 | 1.82 | (0.47, 3.16) | <0.001 | 91.4 |
Diseased | 3 | 1.91 | (−1.22, 5.04) | 0.016 | 82.7 | |||
| ||||||||
Ethnicity | 0.05 | (−0.45, 3.62) | American | 3 | 3.56 | (3.00, 4.12) | 0.64 | 0 |
European | 8 | 0.85 | (−0.21, 1.92) | <0.001 | 81.5 | |||
Asian | 1 | 3.60 | (1.48, 5.72) | |||||
| ||||||||
Treatment duration | 0.68 | (−1.99, 1.40) | 5 min | 2 | 0.14 | (−0.91, 1.18) | 0.64 | 0 |
15 min | 3 | 3.56 | (3.00, 4.12) | 0.64 | 0 | |||
20 min | 7 | 1.45 | (0.08, 2.83) | <0.001 | 86.6 |