Table 2.
Characteristics of the included studies.
| Authors, years | Age (C; T) | Gender (M : F) | Sample (C/T) | Intervention (C) | Intervention (T) | Outcome indicators | Acupuncture points | Course of treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wang, 2016 [23] | C (7.8 ± 3.5) T (7.5 ± 4.0) |
C (27 : 22) T (28 : 21) |
49/49 | Rehabilitation training | C + acupuncture and tuina + music therapy | CARS; ABC | Shenting (GV 24), Benshen (GB 13), Sishencong (EX-HN1), Touwei (ST 8), Shangxing (GV 23), Naohu (GV 17), Fengchi (GB 20), Shenmen (HT 7), Neiguan (PC 6), Laogong (PC 8), Zhongwan (CV 12), Guanyuan (CV 4), and Qihai (CV 6) | Once/day |
|
| ||||||||
| Wang, 2018 [20] | C (4.24 ± 2.16) T (4.21 ± 2.12) |
C (15 : 30) T (16 : 29) |
45/45 | Rehabilitation training | C + scalp acupuncture | ABC | Shen Ting (GV 24), Sishencong (EX-HN1), and Benshen (GB13) | 3 times/week, with a pause of 15 days after 10 times; 30 times in total |
|
| ||||||||
| Tang and Yuan, 2020 [24] | C (2–9) T (22∼41) |
C (17 : 18) T (16 : 19) |
35/35 | Structured education model training | C + acupuncture | CARS; subitems of ABC | Zhi tri-needles (Shenting (GV 24), Benshen (GB 13) ∗ 2), temporal tri-needles (the three acupuncture points are located 2 cuns above the tip of the ear and 1 cun on the left and right sides), Si Shen needles (four points located at 1.5 inches on the Baihui (GV 20)), brain tri-needles (Naohu (GV 17), Naokong (GB 19)), foot tri-needles (Zulinqi (GB 41), Neiting (ST 44), Taichong (LR 3)), hand tri-needles (Quchi (LI 11), Waiguan (TE 5), Hegu (LI 4)), tongue tri-needles (the three acupuncture points are located 1 cun above the Lianquan (CV 23), and 0.8 cuns on the left and right sides) | Once/day, no less than 3 times a week; 6 consecutive months |
|
| ||||||||
| Zhang et al., 2019 [21] | C (2–5) T (2–5) |
C (25 : 5) T (26 : 4) |
30/30 | Sensory integration training and exercise intervention | C + scalp acupuncture | CARS; ABC; subitems of ABC | Si Shen needles (four points located at 1.5 inches on the Baihui (GV 20)), brain tri-needles (Naohu (GV 17), Naokong (GB 19)), temporal tri-needles (the three acupuncture points are located 2 cuns above the tip of the ear and 1 cun on the left and right sides), Zhi tri-needles (Shenting (GV 24), Benshen (GB 13) ∗ 2), foot tri-needles (Zulinqi (GB 41), Neiting (ST 44), Taichong (LR 3)), hand tri-needles (Quchi (LI 11), Waiguan (TE 5), Hegu (LI 4)) | Once/day for 6 consecutive months |
|
| ||||||||
| Dang et al., 2020 [25] | C (3–6) T (3–6) |
C (34 : 9) T (32 : 11) |
43/43 | Rehabilitation training | C + acupuncture | ABC; CARS | Baihui (GV 20), Sishen needles (four points located at 1.5 inches on the Baihui (GV 20)), temporal tri-needles (the three acupuncture points are located 2 cuns above the tip of the ear and 1 cun on the left and right sides), brain tri-needles (Naohu (GV 17), Naokong (GB 19)), Zhi tri-needles (Shenting (GV 24), Benshen (GB 13) ∗ 2), and Dingshen needles (Yingtang (GV 29), Yangbai (GB 14) ∗ 2) | Once/day, continuous treatment for 6 days, 1 day off; total treatment for 6 months |
|
| ||||||||
| Zeng and Ou-yang, 2017 [26] | C (3–7.5) T (3.5–8) |
C (19 : 8) T (18 : 9) |
27/27 | Rehabilitation training | C + acupuncture | CARS; ABC | Sishencong (EX-HN1), Shenting (GV 24), Benshen (GB 13), Yingtang (GV 29), Naohu (GV 17), Naokong (GB 19), language area 1, language zone 2, and language zone 3 | Three times a week, 1 month is the course of treatment, 4 consecutive courses of treatment |
|
| ||||||||
| He et al, 2020 [27] | C (4–8) T (3–8) |
C (27 : 13) T (25 : 16) |
40/41 | Rehabilitation training | C + scalp acupuncture | Subitems of ABC | Sishencong (EX-HN1), Benshen (GB 13), Yingtang (GV 29), Naohu (GV 17), Naokong (GB 19), language area 1, language zone 2 and language zone 3 | 3 times a week, 1 month is the course of treatment, 4 consecutive courses of treatment |
|
| ||||||||
| lv et al., 2018 [28] | C (3–9.4) T (3–10) |
C (41 : 8) T (39 : 10) |
49/49 | Rehabilitation training | C + acupuncture and tuina | CARS; ABC | Sishencong (EX-HN1), Benshen (GB 13), Shenting (GV 24), Touwei (ST 8), Naohu (GV 17), Shenmen (HT 7), Neiguan (PC 6), and Laogong (PC 8) | Once/day, 5 days/week, 10 times is the course of treatment; 6 months is the total time of treatment |
|
| ||||||||
| Zhao et al., 2020 [29] | C (2.5–8) T (2.3–7.8) |
C (33 : 17) T (38 : 12) |
50/50 | Rehabilitation training and special education | C + TCM treatment (including acupuncture) | CRAS; ABC | Baihui (GV 20), Sishen needles (four points located at 1.5 inches on the Baihui (GV 20)), Dingshen needles (Yingtang (GV 29), Yangbai (GB 14) ∗ 2), Shenting (GV 24), Benshen (GB 13), 2/5 under the parietotemporal anterior slash, language Zone 2 and language Zone 3, Naohu (GV 17), Shenmen (HT 7), Neiguan (PC 6), Xuan Zhong (GB 39), and Yongquan (KI 1) | Once/day, 6 days/week; 3 months of treatment in total |
|
| ||||||||
| Yuan et al., 2013 [30] | C (5 ± 3) T (5 ± 2) |
C (22 : 8) T (23 : 7) |
30/30 | Rehabilitation training | C + scalp acupuncture | CARS | Zhi tri-needles (Shenting (GV 24), Benshen (GB 13) ∗ 2), Sishen needles (four points located at 1.5 inches on the Baihui (GV 20)), and brain tri-needles (Naohu (GV 17), Naokong (GB 19) ∗ 2) | Once/day, 6 days of treatment per week, 3 months as a course of treatment; 1 course in total |
|
| ||||||||
| Liu, 2017 [31] | C (2–8) T (3–7) |
C (22 : 8) T (23 : 7) |
30/30 | Rehabilitation training after acupuncture | Rehabilitation training with acupuncture | CARS | Sishen needles (four points located at 1.5 inches on the Baihui (GV 20)), Dingshen needles (Yingtang (GV 29), Yangbai (GB 14) ∗ 2), brain tri-needles (Naohu (GV 17), Naokong (GB 19)∗2), foot tri-needles (Zulinqi (GB 41), Neiting (ST 44), Taichong (LR 3)), and hand tri-needles (Quchi (LI 11), Waiguan (TE 5), Hegu (LI 4)) | Once/day, 6 days/week; 3 months of treatment in total |
|
| ||||||||
| Wong et al., 2010 [17] | C (9.56 ± 4.22) T (9.17 ± 4.12) |
C (22 : 3) T (25 : 5) |
25/30 | Rehabilitation training + sham acupuncture | Rehabilitation training + electroacupuncture | Subitems of ABC; subitems of RDLS WeeFIM; | Sishencong (EX-HN1), Yingtang (GV 29), Shenmen (HT 7), Taichong (LR 3), ear naodian (AT 3), ear shenmen (TF 4), and San yinjiao (SP 6) | 30 min for each time, once/day for 4 weeks |
|
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| Kong et al., 2018 [32] | C (6.8 ± 0.9) T (6.5 ± 0.8) |
C (19 : 11) T (17 : 13) |
30/30 | Rehabilitation training | C + acupuncture | CARS; ABC | Brain tri-needles (Naohu (GV 17), Naokong (GB 19) ∗ 2), Sishen needles (four points located at 1.5 inches on the Baihui (GV 20)), Zhi tri-needles (Shenting (GV 24), Benshen (GB 13) ∗ 2), temporal tri-needles (the three acupuncture points are located 2 cuns above the tip of the ear and 1 cun on the left and right sides), hand tri-needles (Quchi (LI 11), Waiguan (TE 5), Hegu (LI 4)), Shou-Zhi needles (Shenmen (HT 7), Neiguan (PC 6), Laogong (PC 8)), tongue tri-needles (the three acupuncture points are located 1 cun above the Lianquan (CV 23) and 0.8 cun on the left and right sides), foot tri-needles (Zulinqi (GB 41), Neiting (ST 44), Taichong (LR 3)), Fengchi (GB 20), and Yamen (GV 15) | Once/day, 30 min for each time; 4-month treatment in total |
|
| ||||||||
| Wong et al., 2014 [18] | C (8.75 ± 4.62) T (10.17 ± 3.93) |
9/12 | Rehabilitation training | TAC (tongue acupuncture) | Subitems of RDLS, WeeFIM | (TAC #1 run Ze, TAC #2 Guan Zhu) and (TAC #3 Tian men, TAC#4 and TAC #5 Di You') | 5 times a week for 8 weeks | |
|
| ||||||||
| Wong and Sun, 2010 [19] | C (6 ± 5.92) T (6.23 ± 5.67) |
25/25 | Sham TAC | TAC (tongue acupuncture) | RDLS, FIM | (TAC #1 run Ze, TAC #2 Guan Zhu) and (TAC #3 Tian men, TAC#4 and TAC #5 Di You') | 5 times a week for 8 weeks | |
|
| ||||||||
| Li et al., 2017 [33] | C (30 : 15) T (28 : 17) |
45/45 | Rehabilitation training | C + acupuncture | ABC | Shuigou (GV26), Fengfu (GV 16), Chengjiang (CV 24), Jiache (ST 6), Shaoshang (LU 11), Daling (PC 7), Yinbai (SP 1), Haiquan (EX-HN11), Laogong (PC 8), Shenmai (BL 62), Shangxing (GV 23), Huiyin (CV 1), and Quchi (LI 11) | 3 times a week, with a 20-day interval after 10 times; 30 treatments in total constituted a course of treatment. The patients were treated for 3 courses | |