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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addiction. 2021 Mar 23;116(9):2509–2520. doi: 10.1111/add.15454

Table 3:

Predictors of Quit Attempts Among Daily Smokers

n % attempted OR(95% CI) χ2 (d.f.)
Age at recruitment (years) 107.85 (3)**
 18–24 1816 49.6 Ref
 25–39 7630 41.4 0.70(0.62, 0.80)**
 40–54 12840 36.9 0.56(0.50, 0.63)**
 55 and above 8131 39.4 0.61(0.54, 0.70)**
Country 34.50 (3)**
 Canada 7592 40.8 Ref
 USA 6796 39.8 0.97(0.89, 1.05)
 UK 7833 35.4 0.82(0.75, 0.89)**
 Australia 8196 41.7 1.02(0.94, 1.11)
Sex 12.01 (1)*
 Female 17012 40.4 Ref
 Male 13405 38.2 0.90(0.85, 0.96)**
Income Categories 1.62 (2)
 Low 9782 39.9 Ref
 Moderate 11036 38.5 1.00(0.93, 1.07)
 High 9599 39.6 1.04(0.96, 1.13)
Highest Level of Education 12.90 (2)**
 Low 15778 37.6 Ref
 Moderate 9766 40.8 1.11(1.04, 1.18)*
 High 4873 42.7 1.21(1.11, 1.32)**
Household Composition 4.15 (2)
 Single Adult Smoker 8587 40.2 Ref
 All Adult Smokers 7621 38.6 0.91(0.83, 1.00)
 Mixed Adult Household 14209 39.4 0.93(0.85, 1.01)
Relationship Status 0.32 (1)
 Partnered 16321 38.5 Ref
 Unpartnered 14096 39.3 0.98(0.91, 1.05)
Model Two
Age at recruitment (years) 70.19 (3)**
 18–24 Ref
 25–39 0.75(0.66, 0.84)**
 40–54 0.62(0.55, 0.70)**
 55 and above 0.68(0.60, 0.77)**
Heaviness of Smoking Index 154.18 (6)**
 0 2558 50.7 Ref
 1 3242 47.0 0.95(0.85, 1.05)
 2 5636 41.1 0.78(0.71, 0.87)**
 3 9375 36.2 0.67(0.61, 0.74)**
 4 5806 34.3 0.63(0.57, 0.70)**
 5 2757 34.1 0.62(0.55, 0.70)**
 6 1043 29.1 0.51(0.43, 0.60)**
Model Three
Age at recruitment (years) 57.84 (3)**
 18–24 Ref
 25–39 0.74(0.65, 0.83)**
 40–54 0.68(0.60, 0.77)**
 55 and above 0.83(0.74, 0.95)*
Heaviness of Smoking Index 82.99 (6)**
 0 Ref
 1 0.91(0.81, 1.02)
 2 0.78(0.70, 0.87)**
 3 0.70(0.64, 0.78)**
 4 0.69(0.62, 0.77)**
 5 0.70(0.62, 0.79)**
 6 0.60(0.50, 0.72)**
Intention to Quit 2360.50 (3)**
 In Next Month 2950 71.9 Ref
 In Next 6 Months 7045 57.0 0.55(0.50, 0.60)**
 Beyond Next 6 Months 11441 35.7 0.25(0.23, 0.28)**
 Not Planning to Quit 8981 19.3 0.12(0.10, 0.13)**

Note:

*

denotes p<.05

**

denotes p<.001