Table 1.
Study cohort
| Clinical characteristics | Burn patients | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Tracheostomy | p | ||
| Yes | No | |||
| Sex | 433 (100) | 134(30.9) | 299 (69.1) | |
| Male | 271 (62.6) | 83 (30.6) | 188 (69.4) | |
| Female | 162 (37.4) | 51 (31.5) | 111 (68.5) | 0.915 |
| Age | ||||
| Mean (median) ± SD | 49.2 (48.0) ± 21.2 | 49.7 (49.5) ± 20.3 | 49.0 (46.0) ± 21.7 | 0.730 |
| Inhalation injury | ||||
| Yes | 56 (12.9) | 35 (62.5) | 21 (37.5) | |
| No | 377 (87.1) | 99 (26.3) | 278 (73.7) | < 0.001 |
| Burn of head and neck | ||||
| Yes | 208 (48.0) | 86 (41.3) | 122 (58.7) | |
| No | 172 (39.7) | 47 (27.3) | 125 (72.7) | |
| Unknown | 53 (12.2) | 1 (1.9) | 52 (98.1) | < 0.001 |
| ABSI | ||||
| Mean (median) ± SD | 6.9 (7.0) ± 2.9 | 8.9 (9.0) ± 2.1 | 6.0 (5.0) ± 2.7 | < 0.001 |
| TBSA | ||||
| Mean (median) ± SD | 25.6 (20.0) ± 21.8 | 41.4 (40.0) ± 19.7 | 18.6 (12.0) ± 18.8 | < 0.001 |
| Reason for burn injury | ||||
| Combustion | 202 (46.7) | 86 (42.6) | 116 (57.4) | |
| Scald | 83 (19.2) | 12 (14.5) | 71 (85.5) | |
| Explosion | 52 (12.0) | 18 (34.6) | 34 (65.4) | |
| Electric burn | 22 (5.1) | 9 (40.9) | 13 (59.1) | |
| Unknown | 74 (17.1) | – | – | < 0.001 |
| Length of ICU stay (days) | ||||
| Mean (median) ± SD | 23.1 (12.0) ± 29.5 | 49.1 (38.0) ± 37.9 | 11.6 (6.0) ± 13.8 | < 0.001 |
| Nutrition via NGT (days) | ||||
| Mean (median) ± SD | 29.2 (19.5) ± 32.4 | 36.7 (29.0) ± 32.0 | 11.2 (6.0) ± 25.5 | < 0.001 |
| Dysphagia | ||||
| Yes | 23 (5.3) | 14 (60.9) | 9 (39.1) | |
| No | 348 (80.4) | 120 (34.5) | 228 (65.5) | |
| Unknown | 62 (14.3) | – | – | 0.014 |
| Inpatient mortality | ||||
| No | 353 (81.5) | 97 (27.5) | 256 (72.5) | |
| Yes | 80 (18.5) | 37 (46.2) | 43 (53.8) | |
| MODS | 46 (10.6) | 23 (50.0) | 23 (50.0) | |
| Cardiopulmonary Dysfunction | 17 (3.9) | 3 (17.6) | 14 (82.4) | |
| Sepsis | 9 (2.1) | 6 (66.7) | 3 (33.3) | |
| Unknown/other | 8 (1.8) | 5 (62.5) | 3 (37.5) | < 0.001 |
ABSI abbreviated burn severity index, TBSA total body surface area, NGT nasogastric tube, MODS multiorgan dysfunction syndrome, SD standard deviation