Table 1.
Sample characteristics.
| Variable | M (SD)/N (%) |
|---|---|
| Age at admission (in years) | 32.28 (9.36) |
| Age at discharge (in years) | 40.95 (9.50) |
| Length of stay (in years) | 8.25 (3.45) |
| Birthland | |
| The Netherlands | 539 (74.6%) |
| Suriname | 49 (6.8%) |
| Curacao | 30 (4.2%) |
| Morocco | 26 (3.6%) |
| Turkey | 15 (2.1%) |
| Elsewhere | 63 (8.7%) |
| Axis I diagnosis | |
| No Axis I diagnosis | 218 (30.2%) |
| Developmental disorders | 57 (7.9%) |
| Substance use disorders | 310 (42.9%) |
| Mood disorder | 55 (7.6%) |
| Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders | 178 (24.7%) |
| Other Axis I diagnoses | 95 (13.2%) |
| Axis II diagnosis | |
| No Axis II diagnosis | |
| Cluster A PDs | 25 (3.5%) |
| Cluster B PDs | 200 (27.7%) |
| Cluster C PDs | 22 (3.0%) |
| PD not otherwise specified | 305 (42.2%) |
| Multiple PDs | 18 (2.5%) |
| Intellectual disability | 102 (14.4%) |
| Index offenses | |
| Manslaughter | 244 (33.8%) |
| Moderate violence | 216 (29.1%) |
| Robbery | 170 (23.5%) |
| Severe violence | 113 (15.7%) |
| Murder | 111 (15.4%) |
| Sexual violence against adults | 100 (13.9%) |
| Arson | 88 (12.2%) |
| Sexual violence against minors | 64 (8.9%) |
PD, Personality disorders.