Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics of elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction.
| Variable | Overall | Non-MACCEs | MACCEs | P-Valuea | Survival | Death | P-Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 341) | (n = 272) | (n = 69) | (n = 297) | (n = 44) | |||
| Age (years) | 80.7 ± 4.1 | 80.5 ± 4.1 | 81.2 ± 4.1 | 0.199 | 80.6 ± 4.2 | 81.3 ± 3.7 | 0.179 |
| Male (n, %) | 214 (62.8) | 177 (65.1) | 37 (53.6) | 0.079 | 191 (64.3) | 23 (52.3) | 0.123 |
| Medical history (n, %) | |||||||
| Current smoking | 61 (17.9) | 50 (18.4) | 11 (15.9) | 0.637 | 55 (18.5) | 6 (13.6) | 0.430 |
| Diabetes | 100 (29.3) | 74 (27.2) | 26 (37.7) | 0.088 | 85 (28.6) | 15 (34.1) | 0.457 |
| Hypertension | 233 (68.3) | 183 (67.3) | 50 (72.5) | 0.408 | 200 (67.3) | 33 (75.0) | 0.308 |
| Prior MI, PCI, or CABG | 73 (21.4) | 54 (19.9) | 19 (11.6) | 0.165 | 61 (5.7) | 12 (11.4) | 0.309 |
| Prior stroke | 48 (14.1) | 41 (15.1) | 7 (10.1) | 0.293 | 46 (15.5) | 2 (4.5) | 0.051 |
| Clinical characteristics (n, %) | |||||||
| STEMI | 241 (70.7) | 189 (69.5) | 52 (75.4) | 0.338 | 207 (69.7) | 34 (77.3) | 0.303 |
| Killip class ≥ 2 | 153 (44.9) | 109 (40.1) | 44 (63.8) | <0.001* | 123 (41.4) | 31 (70.5) | <0.001* |
| Cardiac arrest before admission | 13 (3.8) | 7 (2.6) | 6 (8.7) | 0.029b* | 9 (3.0) | 4 (9.1) | 0.072 |
| Heart rate (per minute) | 82.7 ± 17.3 | 81.1 ± 16.0 | 89.3 ± 20.5 | 0.001* | 81.5 ± 16.5 | 90.6 ± 20.6 | 0.005* |
| SBP (mmHg) | 124.6 ± 25.2 | 126.8 ± 24.0 | 115.9 ± 28.2 | 0.001* | 125.8 ± 24.8 | 116.0 ± 26.9 | 0.009* |
| DBP (mmHg) | 72.1 ± 14.8 | 72.7 ± 14.5 | 70.0 ± 16.2 | 0.064 | 72.5 ± 14.6 | 70.0 ± 16.1 | 0.113 |
| Hospital stay (days) | 8.0 (6.0–10.5) | 8.0 (6.0–10.0) | 9.0 (4.0–16.5) | 0.145 | 8.0 (6.0–10.0) | 6.5 (2.0–12.0) | 0.065 |
| Revascularization information (n, %) | |||||||
| S2B within 12 h | 170 (49.9) | 144 (52.9) | 26 (37.7) | 0.024* | 155 (52.2) | 15 (34.1) | 0.025* |
| Multi-vessel disease | 246 (72.1) | 197 (72.4) | 49 (71.0) | 0.815 | 216 (72.7) | 30 (68.2) | 0.530 |
| PCI | 318 (93.3) | 259 (95.2) | 59 (85.5) | 0.012* | 283 (95.3) | 35 (79.5) | 0.001* |
| Stent implantation | 287 (84.2) | 235 (86.4) | 52 (75.4) | 0.025* | 256 (86.2) | 31 (70.5) | 0.008* |
| PTCA/thrombus aspiration only | 31 (9.1) | 27 (9.9) | 4 (5.8) | 0.287 | 24 (8.0) | 7 (15.9) | 0.097 |
| Complete revascularization | 215 (63.0) | 181 (66.5) | 34 (49.3) | 0.008* | 194 (65.3) | 21 (47.7) | 0.024* |
| Biochemical variables | |||||||
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 9.45 ± 3.99 | 9.15 ± 4.01 | 10.65 ± 3.73 | <0.001* | 9.28 ± 4.01 | 10.59 ± 3.74 | 0.010* |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.48 ± 1.35 | 6.48 ± 1.42 | 6.47 ± 1.06 | 0.275 | 6.49 ± 1.41 | 6.41 ± 0.89 | 0.492 |
| SHR | 1.22 ± 0.39 | 1.19 ± 0.38 | 1.38 ± 0.41 | <0.001* | 1.20 ± 0.38 | 1.38 ± 0.41 | 0.003* |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 124.23 ± 19.70 | 125.22 ± 19.03 | 120.36 ± 21.86 | 0.016* | 125.04 ± 19.19 | 118.81 ± 22.32 | 0.040* |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 119.26 ± 91.68 | 114.51 ± 94.15 | 137.95 ± 79.11 | <0.001* | 116.48 ± 93.16 | 137.97 ± 79.44 | <0.001* |
| Peak CK | 2042.74 ± 2011.02 | 1953.74 ± 1902.08 | 2394.84 ± 2377.42 | 0.350 | 1993.32 ± 1961.42 | 2380.63 ± 2319.72 | 0.435 |
| Peak CK-MB | 203.10 ± 212.62 | 195.53 ± 205.64 | 232.79 ± 237.42 | 0.365 | 196.38 ± 208.97 | 248.70 ± 233.53 | 0.134 |
| Total bilirubin (mmol/L) | 16.16 ± 7.42 | 15.79 ± 6.89 | 17.63 ± 9.13 | 0.188 | 15.84 ± 6.91 | 18.35 ± 10.08 | 0.210 |
| ALT (U/L) | 67.54 ±155.40 | 48.61 ± 55.35 | 142.17 ± 318.53 | <0.001* | 56.67 ± 127.67 | 140.94 ± 269.12 | <0.001* |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L)c | 4.58 ± 1.09 | 4.62 ± 1.02 | 4.42 ± 1.31 | 0.240c | 4.62 ± 1.06 | 4.31 ± 1.26 | 0.080c |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.33 ± 0.71 | 1.33 ± 0.71 | 1.36 ± 0.73 | 0.717 | 1.35 ± 0.74 | 1.18 ± 0.50 | 0.207 |
| HDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.06 ± 0.27 | 1.06 ± 0.25 | 1.07 ± 0.34 | 0.694 | 1.05 ± 0.25 | 1.13 ± 0.38 | 0.310 |
| LDL-c (mmol/L) | 2.93 ± 0.86 | 2.99 ± 0.83 | 2.72 ± 0.95 | 0.014* | 2.97 ± 0.83 | 2.65 ± 0.96 | 0.023* |
| NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | 3435 (1268, 8063,) | 2696 (1128, 5830,) | 7328 (3280, 1312,3) | <0.001* | 2835(1154,7000) | 6787 (3571, 1226,9) | <0.001* |
| LVEF (%) | 47.72 ± 12.28 | 49.16 ± 11.70 | 42.04 ± 12.92 | <0.001* | 48.69 ± 11.93 | 41.18 ± 12.71 | <0.001* |
a
Mann-Whitney U-test or Pearson chi-square test.
b
Fisher's exact tests.
c
Unpaired t-test.
*
P < 0.05.
MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; SHR, stress-induced hyperglycemia ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; S2B, symptoms to balloon time; PTCA, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; CK, creatine kinase; CK-MB, creatine kinase Isoenzyme-MB; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; HDL-c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction.