TABLE 3.

Characteristic of registered SERS clinical trials.

Register number	Title	Date registration	Condition/disease	Sample type	Study type	Recruitment status	Target size	In vivo/in vitro	Phase	Interventional/observational model	References
ChiCTR2000037082	Construction of artificial intelligence–assisted prostate tumor early diagnosis system based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy	August 26, 2020	Prostate tumor	Blood	Diagnostic test	Recruiting	2000	In vitro	N/A	Factorial	Wang, (2020)
NCT04239105	Detection and analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with breast cancer using a novel microfluidic and Raman spectrum device	December 31, 2019	Breast neoplasms (circulating tumor cells)	Blood	Observational	Not recruiting	120	In vitro	N/A	Cohort	U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2020a)
NCT04311684	Development and validation of hybrid Brillouin–Raman spectroscopy for noninvasive assessment of mechanochemical properties of urine proteins as biomarkers of kidney diseases	March 14, 2020	Nephrotic syndrome	Urine protein	Observational	Recruiting	80	In vitro	N/A	Cohort	U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2020b)
NCT04628962	Raman analysis of saliva as a biomarker of COPD	November 09, 2020	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	Saliva	Observational	Recruiting	250	In vitro	N/A	Case–control	U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2020c)
CTRI/2019/06/019890	Human tear sample studies using high-performance liquid chromatography with laser-induced fluorescence (HPLC-LIF) and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) techniques	27–06-2019	Glaucoma	Tears	Observational	Not recruiting	35	In vitro	N/A	N/A	Adigal et al. (2019)
CTRI/2020/07/026418	Design and development of an optical setup for cell membrane-targeted surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using vortex beams	07–07-2020	Healthy	Blood	Observational	Not recruiting	30	In vitro	N/A	N/A	Ghana Shyam, (2020)