Figure 3.
Lower limb full-length radiographs show bilateral valgus lower limbs with severe right knee OA. Her mDFA is 11° valgus and her mPTA is 6° varus. Applying unrestricted KA technique would reproduce her right lower limb alignment, reproducing extreme joint orientation (obliquity) and a lower limb arithmetic HKA (aHKA) in 5° of valgus. Such outlier anatomy might not be compatible with current TKA implant bearing and fixation methods.