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. 2021 Jul 20;12:706329. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.706329

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Copyright © 2021 Zhu, Xiao, Huang, Liu, Li, Shang and Wen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Flowchart of the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Note. NMPA: The National Medical Products Administration, τ: the dosing interval, LTG: lamotrigine, VPA: valproate acid, IND: enzyme inducer, PK: pharmacokinetic, CL: total serum clearance, BW: total body weight, V _d: the apparent volume of distribution, k _a: the rate of absorption, F: the absolute bioavailability of the form of oral dosage, X ₀: a single dose, t: the time of blood sampling, C _ss: steady-state serum concentrations, ω_CL: the inter-individual random error on CL, nj: the inter-individual variability in CL, CL _pop: the population mean CL, CL _j: the CL of the jth virtual patient.