TABLE 5.
Effects of feeding system and host breed on ruminal fermentation characteristicsa.
| Item |
Hanwoo |
Holstein |
SEM |
P-value |
||||||||||||
|
TMR |
SF |
TMR |
SF |
Breed | FS | Breed × FS | ||||||||||
| 0 h | 1.5 h | 3 h | 0 h | 1.5 h | 3 h | 0 h | 1.5 h | 3 h | 0 h | 1.5 h | 3 h | |||||
| pH | 7.0 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 0.17 | 0.162 | 0.028 | 0.247 |
| Total VFA, mM | 86.7 | 110.6 | 112.3 | 81.4 | 103.6 | 101.6 | 80.7 | 110.1 | 105.7 | 55.3 | 108.9 | 113.6 | 8.51 | 0.457 | 0.168 | 0.888 |
| VFA,% | ||||||||||||||||
| Acetate | 46.8 | 43.0 | 44.5 | 44.8 | 42.4 | 43.5 | 46.5 | 42.0 | 42.8 | 44.5 | 38.1 | 37.9 | 1.57 | 0.210 | 0.001 | 0.073 |
| Propionate | 23.5 | 26.4 | 25.4 | 22.8 | 25.3 | 24.7 | 28.2 | 28.8 | 28.4 | 30.3 | 36.5 | 37.5 | 2.28 | <0.0001 | 0.041 | 0.009 |
| Isobutyrate | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 0.18 | 0.647 | 0.356 | 0.083 |
| Butyrate | 24.3 | 25.1 | 24.9 | 25.8 | 26.0 | 26.0 | 19.6 | 22.8 | 22.9 | 17.8 | 18.5 | 18.2 | 2.26 | 0.001 | 0.255 | 0.035 |
| Isovalerate | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 0.22 | 0.051 | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Valerate | 1.6 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 0.27 | 0.015 | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Acetate:propionate | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.13 | <0.0001 | 0.042 | 0.021 |
| NH3-N, mg/dL | 7.8 | 18.1 | 13.4 | 10.6 | 17.6 | 11.5 | 6.9 | 19.3 | 13.2 | 4.0 | 11.4 | 8.9 | 2.45 | 0.096 | 0.081 | 0.068 |
FS, feeding system; SF, separate feeding; TMR, total mixed ration.
a Values are least square means with standard error.
Number of steers = 8.