Table 2.
Characteristics and complications in the elderlies compared to non-elderlies, and survivors compared to non-survivors.
| Study, year | Group | Complications |
Findings | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARDS | Acute cardiac injury | Acute kidney injury | Acute hepatic injury | |||
| Guo et al., 2020 (Guo and others 2020) | All patients Age ≥ 60 |
10.5% | 4.8% | 4.8% | 1% | ARDS, Acute cardiac injury, Acute kidney injury, and Acute hepatic injury are significantly higher among older patients |
| 75 > Age ≥60 | 5.9% | 1.2% | 2.4% | 1.2% | ||
| Age ≥ 75 | 30% | 20% | 15% | 0% | ||
| Liu et al., 2020 (Liu and others 2020a) | Elderly (Age ≥ 60) |
22.22% | 16.67% | 38.89% (acute kidney and liver injury) | 38.89% (acute kidney and liver injury) | There were no significant difference in complications between the two groups. |
| Non-elderly (Age < 60) | 5.26% | 10.53% | 7.89% (acute kidney and liver injury) | 7.89% (acute kidney and liver injury) | ||
| Song et al., 2020 (Song and others 2020) | All patients | 20.3% | 11.6% | 8.7% | – | ARDS and Acute cardiac injury are more significant in older patients. |
| Non-elderly (Age < 60) | 11.4% | 2.3% | 4.5% | – | ||
| Elderly (Age ≥ 60) |
36% | 28% | 16% | – | ||
| Wang et al., 2020 (Wang and others 2020b) | All patients (Age ≥ 71) | 21% | 21% 10.4% (Arrhythmia) 17.4% (Cardiac insufficiency) |
– | 28.7% (liver enzyme abnormalities) | ARDS, acute cardiac injury, arrhythmia, cardiac insufficiency, Acute kidney injury, and acute hepatic injury are more common among non-survivors compared with survivors. |
| Survivors | 5.5% | 11.4% 8.1% (Arrhythmia) 12.1% (Cardiac insufficiency) |
– | 27.1% (liver enzyme abnormalities) | ||
| Non-survivors | 87.5% | 65% 20.6% (Arrhythmia) 42.4% (Cardiac insufficiency) |
– | 36.7% (liver enzyme abnormalities) | ||
| Zhang et al., 2020 (Zhang and others 2020b) | All patients | 4.39% | 7.69% 5.49% (Arrhythmia) |
13.18% | 7.69% | Arrhythmia, acute cardiac injury, kidney injury, and liver injury are more common in older patients. |
| Elderly (Age ≥ 65) | 11.11% | 22.22% 14.81% (Arrhythmia) |
25.92% | 18.51% | ||
| Non-elderly (Age < 65) | 1.56% | 1.56% 1.56% (Arrhythmia) |
7.81% | 3.12% | ||
| Wei et al., 2020 (Wei and others 2020) | Age ≥ 60 | 28.7% | 21.6% | 4.2% | 11.4% | ARDS, acute cardiac injury, and heart failure are more significant in older patients |
| 59 ≥ Age > 45 | 22.3% | 3.2% | 0.6% | 7% | ||
| Age ≤ 45 | 14.7% | 4.4% | 2% | 8.8% | ||
| Lian et al., 2020 (Lian and others 2020) | Age ≥ 60 | 16.91% | – | 2.21% | 7.35% | ARDS is more significant in older patients |
| Age < 60 | 5.37% | – | 1.53% | 11.04% | ||
| Godaert et al., 2020 (Godaert and others 2020) | All patients (Age ≥ 60) |
– | – | 58.8% | 47.1% | No comparison |
| Gao et al., 2020 (Gao and others 2020) | All patients (Age ≥ 60) |
13% | – | 2% | – | ARDS and acute kidney injury are more common among non-survivors |
| Survivors | 1% | – | 0% | – | ||
| Non-survivors Age ≥ 60 | 71% | – | 11% | – | ||
Abbreviations: ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome.