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. 2021 Jul 20;15:686767. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.686767

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Copyright © 2021 Torabi, Jenkins, Harker, Whishaw, Gibb and Luczak.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Sample behavior of typical control animals. The movements are less repetitive compared to nicotine animals and more diverse as exemplified by pivoting (rat #2).