Table 2. Known mechanisms mediating sex difference in BP in SHR and supporting literatures.

Mechanism mediating sex difference in BP	Male SHR	Female SHR	Reference number
1- Sex hormones
A- Androgen	↑ BP		[12,14,22,43,44]
B- Estrogen		↓ BP	[37–40]
2- Renin–angiotensin system
A- Classical RAS	↑ BP		[20,22,60,61,63,64]
B- Non classical RAS		↓ BP	[20,61,62]
3- Oxidative stress	↑ BP		[21,22,70,75,76]
4- Nitric oxide		↓ BP	[16,86–89,91]
5- Sympathetic tone
A- presynaptic α2 receptor		↓ BP	[53]
B- postsynaptic renal α2β	↑ BP		[54]
C- β1 and β3 receptor		↓ BP	[55,56]
6- Immune cells
A- Th17 cells	↑ BP		[110–113]
B- Tregs		↓ BP	[110–113]
7- Cellular necrosis	↑ BP		[114]