Figure 1.

Complexity of the interaction between ROS and the TME. The up and down arrows represent cell responses to ROS treatment. ROS can promote tumor cell death, promote tumor metabolic reprogramming, induce tumor angiogenesis and activate CAFs and autophagy. ROS can also reduce lymphocyte infiltration, reduce the antigen presenting ability of DCs and maintain the immunosuppressive function of Treg cells and MDSCs to promote the formation of the immunosuppressive microenvironment. CAF, cancer-associated fibroblast; DC, dendritic cell; MDSC, myelogenic suppressor cell; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TAM, tumor-associated macrophage; TIL, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte; TME, tumor microenvironment; Treg, T regulatory cells.