Table 1.

Review of case report on cardio-biliary reflex presented with bradycardia (not include arrhythmias during cholecystectomy)

Year	Age	Sex	Diagnosis	Comorbidity	Electrocardiogram	Inflammatory marks	Treatment	Recover time to normal rhythm	Flow up	References
1967	56	M	Calculous cholecystitis	Healthy	Sinus bradycardia with PVC, inverted T waves in V3 to V6	NA	Atropine, cholecystectomy	After injection of atropine	NA	[2]
1969	81	M	Cholecystitis and cholelithiasis	NA	Sinus bradycardia	Slightly raised WBC	Cholecystectomy	After cholecystectomy	NA	[3]
1970	56	M	Acute calculous cholecystitis	NA	Sinus bradycardia	WBC 11 × 109 /L	Atropine, antibiotics	36–48 h with abdominal pain disappeared	NA	[3]
1999	67	F	Severe chronic cholecystitis with perforation	Thoracic aortic aneurysm, aortoesophageal fistula	High-grade AVB and asystole	NA	Percutaneous drainage, cholecystectomy	After percutaneous drainage	Died from UGTB 1 day after operation	[17]
2009	48	M	Acute cholecystitis	Healthy	Complete AVB and second-degree heart block	NA	Cholecystectomy	9 s	1 year	[16]
2011	35	M	Acute calculous cholecystitis	Healthy	Sinus bradycardia and ventricular rhythm	NA	NA	20 min	NA	[14]
2015	70	M	Acalculous cholecystitis	Healthy	Sinus bradycardia with 4.44 s pause	WBC 12 × 109 /L (4–11 × 109 /L)	Cholecystectomy	NA	NA	[12]
2018	78	M	Cholelithias	Hypertension, dyslipidemia, CAD	AVB	CRP 2,71 mg/dL (0.08–0.8)	Antibiotic, analgesics	1 h	Planned cholecystectomy	[15]
2020	28	M	Acute calculous cholecystitis	NA	Complete AVB	Mildly elevated	Cholecystectomy, TPM implantation	At least 10 h	NA	[18]
-	31	M	Acute cholecystitis and cholangitis without stones	HOCM	Complete AVB	WBC 10.01 × 109 /L CRP 19.0 mg/L, PCT 0.18 ng/mL	Antibiotic, PM implantation	At least 9 days	18 months	This case

M male, F female, NA not available, HOCM hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, CAD coronary artery disease, AVB atrioventricular block, PVC premature ventricular contractions, WBC white blood cell, CRP C-reactive protein, PCT procalcitonin, UGTB upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding, TPM temporary pacemaker, PM pacemaker