Table 1.
Demographics and clinicopathological characteristics of EEC/AEH patients after achieving CR and attempting to conceive
| Total | Non-pregnant | Pregnant | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients (n) | 68 | 32 | 36 | - |
| Age of initial treatment (years) | 30.4 ± 3.9 | 31.0 ± 3.7 | 29.9 ± 4.1 | 0.272 a |
| Age of pregnancy permission (years) | 31.9 ± 4.2 | 32.6 ± 3.8 | 31.2 ± 4.5 | 0.190 a |
| BMI c of initial treatment (kg/m2) | 25.9 ± 4.2 | 26.9 ± 4.2 | 25.0 ± 3.9 | 0.051 a |
| BMI of pregnancy permission (kg/m2) | 25.9 ± 3.8 | 27.2 ± 3.7 | 24.8 ± 3.6 | 0.007 |
| Irregular menstrual cycle (%) | 35 (51.5) | 18 (56.2) | 17 (47.2) | 0.457 b |
| Infertility (%) | 27 (39.7) | 14 (43.8) | 13 (36.1) | 0.520b |
| Nulliparity (%) | 62 (91.2) | 30 (93.8) | 32 (88.9) | 0.481 b |
| Diabetes mellitus type 2 (%) | 11 (16.2) | 3 (9.4) | 8 (22.2) | 0.151 b |
| Insulin resistance (%) | 21 (30.9) | 10 (31.3) | 11 (30.6) | 0.950 b |
| High blood pressure (%) | 6 (8.8) | 2 (6.2) | 4 (11.1) | 0.481 b |
| Thyroid diseases (%) | 9 (13.2) | 4 (12.5) | 5 (13.9) | 0.866 b |
| Myometrium invasion in MRI (%) | 16 (33.3) | 8 (34.8) | 8 (32.0) | 0.581 b |
| PCO on ultrasonography (%) | 37 (54.4) | 20 (62.5) | 17 (47.2) | 0.207 b |
| PCOSd | 27 (39.7) | 13 (40.6) | 14 (38.9) | 0.884b |
| CA125 (U/mL) | 22.4 ± 22.6 | 22.7 ± 16.2 | 22.2 ± 27.2 | 0.926 a |
| Histological type | 0.214 b | |||
| AEH | 39 | 16 | 23 | |
| EEC G1 | 21 | 10 | 11 | |
| EEC G2 | 8 | 6 | 2 | |
| Treatment protocol (%) | 0.831 b | |||
| MPA 250 mg, once daily | 45 (67.2) | 21 (65.6) | 24 (68.6) | |
| MPA 500 mg, once daily | 8 (11.9) | 5 (15.6) | 3 (8.6) | |
| MA 160-320 mg, once daily | 9 (13.4) | 4 (12.5) | 5 (14.3) | |
| GnRH-a | 5 (7.5) | 2 (6.2) | 3 (8.6) | |
| Adjuvant metformin (%) | 25 (36.8) | 15 (46.9) | 10 (27.8) | 0.103 b |
| Maintenance therapy (%) | 0.223 b | |||
| None | 11 (16.2) | 6 (18.8) | 5 (13.9) | |
| Progestin | 45 (66.2) | 18 (56.2) | 27 (75.0) | |
| LNG-IUD | 12 (17.6) | 8 (25.0) | 4 (11.1) | |
| Conception method (%) | 0.246 b | |||
| Natural | 19 (27.9) | 12 (37.5) | 7 (19.4) | |
| Ovulation induction ± IUI | 9 (13.2) | 4 (12.5) | 5 (13.9) | |
| IVF-ET | 40 (58.8) | 16 (50.0) | 24 (66.7) |
AEH atypical endometrial hyperplasia, BMI body mass index, CA cancer antigen, EEC early stage endometrial cancer, GnRH-a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, IUI intrauterine insemination, IVF-ET in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, LNG-IUD levonorgestrel intrauterine system, MA megestrol acetate, MPA medroxyprogesterone acetate, PCO polycystic ovary
aPregnancy versus Non-pregnancy (Student’s t test)
bPregnancy versus Non-pregnancy (Chi-squared test)
cBMI, kg/m2 (Chinese Society for the Study of Obesity: normal BMI 18.5–23.9; overweight 24–28; obesity > 28)
dDiagnostic criteria: the Rotterdam criteria 2003