Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by presence or absence of cardiac troponin elevation
| Normal Troponin,≤ 1 ULN | Elevated Troponin,> 1 ULN | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 657 | 115 | |
| Age* | 58 (46 - 69) | 66 (55.5 - 76) | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 387 (58.9) | 69 (60.0) | 0.906 |
| BMI* | 28.10 (24.20 - 33.40) | 28.25 (23.77 - 34.72) | 0.646 |
| Race (%) | 0.062 | ||
| White | 186 (30.7) | 29 (26.4) | |
| Other | 204 (33.7) | 29 (26.4) | |
| African American | 215 (35.5) | 52 (47.3) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Current Smoker (%) | 32 (5.4) | 6 (6.5) | 0.837 |
| Atrial Fibrillation (%) | 92 (14.0) | 37 (32.2) | <0.001 |
| Coronary Artery Disease (%) | 156 (23.7) | 60 (52.2) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 397 (60.4) | 99 (86.1) | <0.001 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease (%) | <0.001 | ||
| CKD stage 1 | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | |
| CKD stage 2 | 11 (1.7) | 8 (7.0) | |
| CKD stage 3 | 60 (9.1) | 25 (21.7) | |
| CKD stage 4 | 5 (0.8) | 4 (3.5) | |
| Unknown | 17 (2.6) | 4 (3.5) | |
| COPD (%) | 48 (7.3) | 15 (13.0) | 0.059 |
| Diabetes Mellitus (%) | 289 (44.0) | 60 (52.2) | 0.127 |
| Asthma (%) | 91 (13.9) | 12 (10.4) | 0.398 |
| Cancer (%) | 67 (10.2) | 20 (17.4) | 0.037 |
| Ventricular Arrhythmia (%) | 29 ( 4.4) | 14 (12.2) | 0.002 |
| Stroke (%) | 87 (13.2) | 28 (24.3) | 0.003 |
| Acute Myocardial Infarction (%) | 86 (13.1) | 47 (40.9) | <0.001 |
| DVT or Pulmonary Embolism (%) | 81 (12.3) | 30 (26.1) | <0.001 |
| Initial Labs* | |||
| Troponin (ng/mL) | 0.01 (0.00 - 0.02) | 0.22 (0.14 - 0.51) | <0.001 |
| White Blood Cell Count (cells/uL) | 6.90 (5.21 - 9.33) | 8.40 (6.10 - 12.85) | <0.001 |
| Lymphocyte Number (cells/uL) | 1.00 (0.70 - 1.30) | 1.01 (0.64 - 1.50) | 0.778 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.40 (12.20 - 14.60) | 13.20 (11.70 - 14.20) | 0.024 |
| Platelet Count (cells/uL) | 206 (162 - 270) | 213 (161.5 - 282) | 0.967 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.01 (0.82 - 1.32) | 1.52 (1.08 - 2.26) | <0.001 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 112.00 (54.90 - 184.60) | 165.00 (76.10 - 266.80) | <0.001 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 732.00 (356.88 - 1543.00) | 949.00 (416.25 - 1941.25) | 0.041 |
| LDH (U/L) | 396.00 (302.00 - 523.00) | 520.00 (356.75 - 752.50) | <0.001 |
| Initial Vital Signs* | |||
| Systolic BP | 131 (115 - 145) | 124 (110.5 - 147) | 0.241 |
| Diastolic BP | 74 (65 - 86) | 76 (62 - 87) | 0.863 |
| Heart Rate | 99 (87 - 112) | 100 (84 - 116.5) | 0.725 |
| Respiratory Rate | 21 (19 - 25) | 22 (20 - 28) | 0.080 |
| Pulse Oximetry | 93 (88 - 96) | 94.00 (87.5 - 97.5) | 0.762 |
| Temperature | 99.0 (98.1 - 100.3) | 98.5 (97.8 - 99.85) | 0.030 |
ULN = upper limit of normal; BMI = body mass index; CKD = chronic kidney disease; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder; DVT = deep venous thrombosis; CRP = c-reactive protein; LDH = lactate dehydrogenase; BP = blood pressure
⁎
Variables expressed as median and interquartile range