Table 2.

Lung cancer case study: The p-values of the transformed model parameters (in percentile %) by fitting a Cox proportional hazards model with survival time (defined as the number of days from diagnosis to death for participants who died or last contact for all other participants) and vital status (death or alive) as responses, and model parameters and clinical variables as predictors. The overall p-value (Wald test) is 0.003

Predictor	Coefficient	exp (Coef.)	SE	P-value
${\widehat{\varphi }}_{\text{str},\text{lym}}$	0.147	1.158	0.052	0.106
${\widehat{\varphi }}_{\text{tum},\text{lym}}$	0.030	1.030	0.025	0.546
${\widehat{\varphi }}_{\text{lym},\text{str}}$	−0.009	0.991	0.008	0.543
${\widehat{\varphi }}_{\text{tum},\text{str }}$	0.096	1.100	0.016	0.002
${\widehat{\varphi }}_{\text{lym},\text{tum}}$	−0.002	0.998	0.008	0.896
${\widehat{\varphi }}_{\text{str},\text{tum}}$	−0.059	0.943	0.019	0.128
${\widehat{\pi }}_{\text{lym}}$	0.034	1.035	0.015	0.219
${\widehat{\pi }}_{\text{str}}$	−0.032	0.969	0.007	0.019
$\widehat{\lambda }$	−0.006	0.994	0.003	0.382
Age	0.038	1.039	0.009	0.176
Female/male	−0.138	0.871	0.091	0.631
Smoking/nonsmoking	−0.001	0.999	0.089	0.997