PSYCHIATRIC DISEASES (n = 8)
Author (year, journal)	Setting	Topic	Populations’ characteristics	Outcomes	Main results	STROBE
Carriere (2018, Statistics Canada) (82)	All provinces excluding Ontario and Quebec Retrospective	Mental disorders Hospitalisation	First Nations people on-reserve (Gr 1) First Nations people off-reserve (Gr 2) Non-Indigenous people (Gr 3) All ages F/M	Rate ratios for age-standardised hospitalisation rates/100,000 (95% CI)	Total: Gr 1: 2.4 (2.3-2.5); Gr 2: 2.0 (1.9-2.1) Substance-related: Gr 1: 7.0 (6.6-7.4); Gr 2: 4.3 (3.8-4.8) Mood: Gr 1: 1.2 (1.1-1.3); Gr 2: 1.6 (1.4-1.8) Schizophrenic/Psychotic: Gr 1: 1.8 (1.6-2.0); Gr 2: 1.9 (1.6-2.2) Anxiety: Gr 1: 2.3 (2.0-2.7); Gr 2: 1.7 (1.3-2.3) Organic: Gr 1: 1.1 (0.9-1.3); Gr 2: 1.0 (0.7-1.3) Personality: Gr 1: 1.2 (0.9-1.5); Gr 2: 1.3 (0.9-2.1) Other: Gr 1: 1.7 (1.6-1.9); Gr 2: 1.5 (1.3-1.8)	15/22
D’Arcy (1979, Can J Psychiat) (83)	Saskatchewan Descriptive	Mental illnesses Hospitalisation	Indigenous people (Gr 1) Non-Indigenous people (Gr 2) All ages F/M	Admissions per 10,000 population Gr 1/Gr 2	Total: 41/36; Psychoses: 16/19; Psychoneuroses: 12/7; Personality/Behaviour: 9/6; Mental Retardation: 1/0; Other/Unknown: 3/4	6/22
Dalrymple (1995, Can J Psychiat) (14)	Ontario Retrospective	Mental illnesses Hospitalisation	Indigenous people (Gr 1) Non-Indigenous people (Gr 2) All ages F/M	Consumer satisfaction survey (% Gr 1/% Gr 2) Length of stay in 1991-1992 (days)	Schizophrenia and other psychoses: 31.5%/37.8%; Mood disorders: 15.7%/21.3%; Substance abuse disorders: 0%/3.8%; Anxiety, Adjustment, Conduct and personality disorders: 0%/2.9%; Other disorders: 42.1%/33.9% Gr 1: 69.5; Gr 2: 32.8	14/22
Lavoie (2018, Int J Equity Health) (84)	British Columbia Retrospective	Mental health related-ambulatory care sensitive conditions Hospitalisation	First Nations people (Gr 1) British Columbia people (Gr 2) All ages F/M	Access to care Hospitalisation rate for mental health conditions Length of stay	First Nation communities served by nursing station have the lowest rate of hospitalisation. Communities served by health centres have highest rate of hospitalisation (poorer access to care). First Nations living off-reserve had significantly higher hospitalisation rates People in Gr 2 stay 4-6 days longer than Gr 1 in the hospital.	17/22
Lavoie (2020, Can J of Pub Health) (32)	Manitoba Retrospective	Mental illnesses Hospitalisation	First Nations people (Gr 1) Manitoba’s population (Gr 2) All ages F/M	Hospitalisation rates/1000 (95% CI; p) Adjusted rate of length of stay	Gr 1: 26.00 (17.59-38.42; p < 0.0001) Gr 2: 12.55 (12.34-12.75; p = 0.8596) Gr 1: 9.79 (7.08-13.52; p = 0.0466) Gr 2: 23.68 (23.60-23.76; p=0.5596)	17/22
Newton (2012, CMAJ) (103)	Alberta Retrospective	Mental health crisis ED visits	First Nations people (Gr 1) Alberta’s population (Gr 2) <18 y.o. F/M	Median length of stay in hours (95% CI) Age and sex-adjusted standardised visit rate/100,000 for Gr 1 (p = 0.004) Age and sex-adjusted standardised visit rate/ 100,000 for Gr 1 of 15-17 y.o. Hazard ratio for time to physician follow-up visit for Gr 1 (95% CI)	Gr 1: 2h27 (1h05-5h40); Gr 2: 3h (1h30-5h21) 2002-2003: 1368.0 2007-2008: 1664.0 Females: 7047.6 Males: 5787.3 Psychiatrist: 0.47 (0.32-0.70)	16/22
Newton (2016, Pediatr emerg care) (107)	Alberta Retrospective	Anxiety and stress disorders ED visits	First Nations people (Gr 1) Alberta’s population (Gr 2) < 18 y.o. F/M	ED visit rates/100,000 (95% CI) Follow-up visits	2002-2003: Gr 1: 263.49 (218.43-308.55); Gr 2: 126.87 (119.16-134.57) 2010-2011: Gr 1: 345.59 (294.18-397.00); Gr 2: 168.95 (160.51-177.39) Gr 1 children had less follow-up visits after discharge. Median time to follow-up visits = 32 days.	17/22
Soleimani (2016, BMC Psychiatry) (85)	Alberta Retrospective	Psychotic symptoms Hospitalisation	First Nations people (Gr 1) Alberta’s general population (Gr 2) 13-17 y.o. F/M	Hazard ratio for inpatient hospitalisation within 90 days of first ED visit (95% CI)	Gr 1 females: 4.18 (1.24-14.06) Gr 1 males: 0.57 (0.13-2.49)	17/22