TABLE 2.

The differences between the different viral vectors.

Method	Advantages	Disadvantages
Virus transfection comparison
Adenoviruses	– Able to infect both dividing and non-diving cells – High safety when used in vivo due to not integrating to the host cell genome – Easy amplifying and storage – “Gutless” adenoviruses (see chapter 3.1.) can accommodate up to 35 kb of foreign DNA	– Unable to induce prolonged protein expression – Induce strong host immune response in vivo – Handling adenoviruses should be performed in laboratories with Biosafety Level 2
Adenoviruses-related virus	– Stability at different temperatures and pH – Lower immunogenicity when compared to adenoviruses – Does not integrate to host genome – Different routes of administration in vivo	– Capsid proteins and delivered nucleic acid sequence can induce immunological response – Unable to induce prolonged expression
Retroviruses	– Able to give stable expression not diminishing in time – Able to infect both dividing and non-dividing cells – Spumaviruses: can package large transgene cassettes and have desirable safety profile – Alpharetroviruses: low genotoxicity	– Can potentially cause retroviral genotoxicity – Effects of transfection are mostly irreversible