Table 10.
Examination of age group differences in average Pearson correlation for sleep-memory associations by specific sleep parameters with the 95% confidence interval
| Young | Old | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Specific Sleep Parameter | r | LL | UL | k | j | p | r | LL | UL | k | j | p |
| Wake After Sleep Onset |
−0.08 | −0.27 | 0.13 | 4 | 9 | .459 | 0.13 | −0.03 | 0.29 | 7 | 16 | .108 |
| Sleep Duration | 0.11 | −0.03 | 0.25 | 11 | 29 | .119 | 0.02 | −0.14 | 0.18 | 9 | 16 | .807 |
| Stage 2 | 0.07 | −0.09 | 0.24 | 13 | 37 | .386 | 0.16 | −0.13 | 0.41 | 4 | 8 | .281 |
| Slow Wave Sleep | 0.18 | 0.06 | 0.30 | 18 | 64 | .004 | −0.13 | −0.33 | 0.07 | 7 | 19 | .196 |
| REM | −0.07 | −0.15 | 0.02 | 15 | 87 | .112 | −0.02 | −0.17 | 0.13 | 5 | 23 | .783 |
| NREM | 0.27 | 0.11 | 0.41 | 10 | 34 | <.001 | 0.06 | −0.21 | 0.33 | 4 | 8 | .645 |
| Spindle Density | 0.18 | 0.02 | 0.33 | 14 | 82 | .026 | 0.43 | −0.42 | 0.88 | 1 | 1 | .324 |
NOTE: All sleep stage estimates refer to the percentage or duration for the given sleep stage. LL = lower confidence interval; UL = upper confidence interval; k = the number of studies; j = the number of effect sizes; REM = rapid eye movement sleep; NREM = non-rapid eye movement sleep.