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. 2020 Oct 4;16(8):894–907. doi: 10.1080/15592294.2020.1827719

Table 4.

Associations between sleep and dietary patterns and DNA methylation of circadian gene CpG islands in adolescents

  All
 Boys
 Girls
  Beta coefficient1 P value Beta coefficient2 P value Beta coefficient2 P value
Sleep Midpoint (median of bed and wake time)        
PER1 .0140337 0.240 −.0102469 0.550 .0345147 0.042
PER2 .0040428 0.615 −.0017354 0.893 .0081995 0.421
PER3 island 1 −.0081581 0.664 −.0257108 0.286 .0083659 0.773
PER3 island 2 −.001583 0.848 .0043872 0.734 −.0082874 0.445
PER3 island 3 .0774699 0.096 .0523266 0.464 .1028792 0.099
CRY2 .0029527 0.711 .0088452 0.400 −.0039388 0.742
BMAL1 .0117632 0.140 .0107429 0.327 .0114565 0.331
CLOCK .0069998 0.298 .0026318 0.766 .0101371 0.320
RORA island 1 .0095559 0.204 .0031786 0.754 .0131733 0.233
RORA island 2 .0074266 0.442 −.0092649 0.503 .0215126 0.119
RORA island 3 .0175065 0.045 .0039397 0.768 .0281399 0.014
RORB .0353199 0.003 .0372594 0.050 .0330129 0.030
NR1D1 island 1 .0127016 0.244 .0116515 0.471 .0151853 0.317
NR1D1 island 2 .0080007 0.360 .0180043 0.134 −.0024247 0.846
NR1D2 .0110481 0.104 .0072648 0.448 .0134684 0.172
Diet pattern 1: Plant-based and lean proteins  
PER1 .0008977 0.023 .00123 0.007 .0002354 0.751
PER2 .0000904 0.791 −.0000792 0.857 .0005708 0.305
PER3 island 1 .0004076 0.408 .0003283 0.517 .0006691 0.498
PER3 island 2 .0000113 0.978 −.0001049 0.830 .0001876 0.807
PER3 island 3 −.0002882 0.939 −.002409 0.649 .0035876 0.520
CRY2 .0000126 0.935 .0001874 0.296 −.0003008 0.281
BMAL1 −.0001708 0.330 .0001164 0.562 −.0007621 0.019
CLOCK .0000122 0.893 .000103 0.314 −.0001479 0.386
RORA island 1 −.0000955 0.693 .0000768 0.783 −.0003675 0.400
RORA island 2 −.0001234 0.339 .0000478 0.760 −.0004734 0.039
RORA island 3 .0000297 0.864 .0002662 0.216 −.0003976 0.176
RORB −.0003219 0.282 −.000339 0.387 −.0003028 0.544
NR1D1 island 1 .0002256 0.509 .0006367 0.127 −.0006509 0.281
NR1D1 island 2 −.00004 0.766 .0000442 0.779 −.0001438 0.542
NR1D2 .0000639 0.514 .0000652 0.547 .0000771 0.681
Diet pattern 2: Meat & starchy foods  
PER1 .0001683 0.745 .0007263 0.373 −.0001832 0.792
PER2 −.0004792 0.277 −.0003113 0.686 −.0007297 0.161
PER3 island 1 .000674 0.291 .0011211 0.203 .0003541 0.703
PER3 island 2 −.0005741 0.285 −.0008578 0.314 −.0003475 0.629
PER3 island 3 −.0002193 0.964 −.0025248 0.785 .0015882 0.762
CRY2 −.0000955 0.632 .0001579 0.616 −.0003013 0.250
BMAL1 .000112 0.623 .0003808 0.277 −.0000548 0.860
CLOCK .0000891 0.450 .0003705 0.036 −.0001049 0.513
RORA island 1 .0002087 0.506 .0003642 0.455 4.67e-06 0.991
RORA island 2 .0000125 0.940 .0003688 0.175 −.0002097 0.336
RORA island 3 −.0000466 0.836 .0002262 0.550 −.0002784 0.314
RORB .0003113 0.422 −.0002669 0.698 .0006562 0.158
NR1D1 island 1 −.0001372 0.757 .0001722 0.815 −.0002654 0.641
NR1D1 island 2 −.0000136 0.938 .0002066 0.452 −.0002197 0.320
NR1D2 .0000413 0.745 .0001992 0.291 −.0000729 0.679
Diet pattern 3: Eggs, milk & refined grain  
PER1 −.0010701 0.083 −.0013847 0.082 −.0006233 0.533
PER2 −.0012047 0.022 −.0004974 0.511 −.0019366 0.008
PER3 island 1 −.0002299 0.764 .0001473 0.866 −.0007279 0.585
PER3 island 2 −.0006967 0.280 −.001359 0.102 3.43e-07 1.000
PER3 island 3 −.0031526 0.588 −.0033161 0.716 −.0035995 0.632
CRY2 −.0005672 0.017 −.0006632 0.029 −.0003686 0.328
BMAL1 −.0005028 0.064 −.0006093 0.075 −.000339 0.447
CLOCK −.0001487 0.293 −.0001681 0.340 −.000082 0.722
RORA island 1 −.0009331 0.012 −.0006093 0.202 −.0011282 0.053
RORA island 2 −.0002716 0.175 −.0006511 0.013 .0002449 0.435
RORA island 3 −.0006814 0.010 −.000516 0.163 −.0007874 0.045
RORB −.0004259 0.360 −.0003936 0.560 −.000444 0.509
NR1D1 island 1 −.0010925 0.038 −.0017573 0.013 −.0004323 0.597
NR1D1 island 2 −.0003233 0.120 −.000532 0.046 .0000399 0.900
NR1D2 −.0002782 0.066 −.0002651 0.152 −.0002584 0.305

1Adjusted for sex, age, and % monocytes.

2Adjusted for age and % monocytes.