TABLE 1.
Demographics variable analysis
| Variable | Total (N = 410) | Control group (N = 204) | Intervention group (N = 206) | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 58.6 | (18.9) | 57.4 | (19.2) | 59.8 | (18.6) | .188a |
| ETT type, n (%) | |||||||
| SS-ETT | 349 | (85.1) | 171 | (83.8) | 178 | (86.4) | .462a |
| Conventional ETT | 61 | (14.9) | 33 | (16.2) | 28 | (13.6) | |
| Gender, n (%) | |||||||
| Male | 242 | (59.0) | 118 | (57.8) | 124 | (60.2) | .628a |
| Female | 168 | (41.0) | 86 | (42.2) | 82 | (39.8) | |
| Race, n (%) | |||||||
| White | 304 | (74.1) | 149 | (73.0) | 155 | (75.2) | .541a |
| Black | 86 | (21.0) | 44 | (21.6) | 42 | (20.4) | |
| Asian | 18 | (4.4) | 9 | (4.4) | 9 | (4.4) | |
| Other | 2 | (0.5) | 2 | (1.0) | 0 | (0) | |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||||||
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 334 | (81.5) | 169 | (82.8) | 165 | (80.1) | .474a |
| Hispanic or Latino | 76 | (18.5) | 35 | (17.2) | 41 | (19.9) | |
| Diagnoses, n (%) | |||||||
| Medical and surgical | 151 | (36.8) | 66 | (32.4) | 85 | (41.3) | .173a |
| Trauma | 121 | (29.5) | 62 | (30.4) | 59 | (28.6) | |
| Neurological | 120 | (29.3) | 64 | (31.4) | 56 | (27.2) | |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||||||
| Diabetes | 103 | (25.1) | 56 | (27.5) | 47 | (22.8) | .279a |
| History of smoking | 95 | (23.2) | 43 | (21.1) | 52 | (25.2) | .318a |
| Chronic heart failure | 49 | (12.0) | 24 | (11.8) | 25 | (12.1) | .908a |
| Chronic renal failure | 43 | (10.5) | 21 | (10.3) | 22 | (10.7) | .899a |
| History of ETOH abuse | 41 | (10.0) | 18 | (8.8) | 23 | (11.2) | .429a |
| COPD | 33 | (8.0) | 17 | (8.3) | 16 | (7.8) | .833a |
| History of drug abuse | 27 | (6.6) | 13 | (6.4) | 14 | (6.8) | .863a |
| Immune-com-promise | 10 | (2.4) | 5 | (2.5) | 5 | (2.4) | .988a |
| Chronic liver failure | 8 | (2.0) | 4 | (2.0) | 4 | (1.9) | .989a |
| Acuity, mean (SD) | |||||||
| APACHE II | 23.3 | (7.5) | 22.7 | (0.5) | 23.0 | (0.5) | .691b |
| SAPS | 48.9 | (15.5) | 47.8 | (1.0) | 48.3 | (0.9) | .742b |
| ISS trauma only | 23.7 | (11.0) | 21.9 | (1.2) | 24.2 | (1.4) | .217b |
Note: Abbreviations: APACHE, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ETOH, alcohol; ETT, endotracheal tube; ISS, Injury Severity Score; SAPS, Simplified Acute Physiology Score; SD, standard deviation.
a
Chi-Square.
b
t-test.