Table 1.

Summary of the role of heart centers for women in the management of ischemic heart disease

Role of heart centers for women in the management of ischemic heart disease
Recognition of sex-specific risk factors
Adverse pregnancy outcomes
Systemic inflammatory disorders
Gynecologic cancer therapies
Psychosocial factors
Lower socioeconomic status
Evaluation of ischemic heart disease
Use of coronary artery calcium score for intermediate risk women
Stress myocardial perfusion imaging for women with abnormal electrocardiograms
Photon emission tomography imaging for women to assess coronary flow reserve and coronary microvascular dysfunction
Coronary computed tomography angiography to detect and exclude coronary artery disease
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging to detect coronary microvascular dysfunction
Coronary angiography can be used to diagnose obstructive and non-obstructive coronary artery disease
Sex-specific treatments
Discontinue harmful medications such as hormone therapy in patients with coronary artery disease
Appropriate aspirin and statins for primary prevention
Appropriate and optimal use of guideline-directed medical therapy for secondary prevention
Identify and mitigate factors that can increase interventional procedural complications
Collaborate with cardiac surgeons to consider lower risk surgical techniques such as off pump bypass
Emphasize importance of cardiac rehabilitation after cardiovascular events and procedures
Multidisciplinary team
Emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary team in care of women with coronary artery disease