Table 2. Demographic, socioeconomic, climatic, and health care characteristics of Brazil and its regions in relation to tuberculosis.a .
| Characteristics | Brazil as a whole | Region | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northern | Northeastern | Southeastern | Southern | Central-west | ||
| TB incidence (cases/100,000 population) | 36.8 (33.2-39.0) | 44.9 (38.9-47.5) | 36.2 (31.0-40.7) | 39.8 (37.1-42.1) | 31.4 (28.8-32.9) | 23.1 (21.3-24.9) |
| TB-related mortality (deaths/100,000 population) | 2.4 (2.2-2.6) | 2.4 (2.2-2.7) | 2.9 (2.6-3.1) | 2.5 (2.3-2.7) | 1.6 (1.3-1.8) | 1.5 (1.3-1.6) |
| Hospitalization for TBb (admissions/100 TB cases) | 14.0 (12.8-15.4) | 11.3 (10.1-12.6) | 17.0 (13.9-20.2) | 12.4 (10.9-13.6) | 15.1 (13.3-17.5) | 15.7 (13.9-17.8) |
| Cost/day of hospitalization for TBb (US$) | 38.4 (26.0-49.3) | 28.6 (16.0-40.6) | 40.2 (28.0-48.9) | 36.9 (25.6-49.6) | 42.1 (27.4-52.7) | 34.5 (19.6-42.0) |
| PHC coverage (%) | 67.5 (64.8-73.0) | 59.5 (56.1-68.2) | 75.2 (72.7-80.3) | 62.8 (59.7-68.2) | 72.4 (69.1-78.4) | 65.4 (62.5-68.7) |
| Density of health care workersb | ||||||
| Physicians (staff/10,000 population) | 15.3 (13.7-17.1) | 8.0 (7.2-9.4) | 10.0 (8.9-11.4) | 19.8 (17.8-21.8) | 16.5 (14.6-18.9) | 15.7 (14.0-17.4) |
| Nurses (staff/10,000 population) | 7.4 (5.3-9.8) | 5.6 (4.2-7.5) | 6.6 (4.8-8.6) | 8.2 (5.8-11.0) | 7.7 (5.6-10.5) | 6.9 (4.8-9.2) |
| Pharmacists (staff/10,000 population) | 1.5 (1.0-1.8) | 1.3 (0.9-1.6) | 1.2 (0.7-1.5) | 1.4 (1.2-1.7) | 2.1 (1.3-2.7) | 1.7 (1.0-2.2) |
| Demographic density (inhabitants/km2) | 23.0 (22.0-24.0) | 4.2 (3.9-4.5) | 35.2 (33.8-36.4) | 89.4 (85.8-92.7) | 48.9 (47.0-50.7) | 9.0 (8.3-9.6) |
| HDIc | 0.744 (0.705-0.761) | 0.701 (0.684-0.718) | 0.685 (0.660-0.703) | 0.773 (0.754-0.786) | 0.779 (0.756-0.795) | 0.769 (0.753-0.780) |
| Temperature (°C) | 25.9 (14.3-34.2) | 28.0 (21.7-33.6) | 27.0 (19.8-34.2) | 24.0 (16.4-29.7) | 21.3 (14.3-24.9) | 26.9 (20.1-31.0) |
| Relative air humidity (%) | 74.5 (63.0-84.8) | 81.5 (77.2-84.7) | 72.6 (63.0-78.7) | 73.5 (68.6-78.0) | 79.0 (77.1-80.7) | 69.7% (65.0-76.1) |
| Latitude, range of extremes | 5,2188 ↔ −33,5861 | 5,2188 ↔ −13,3218 | 1,2015 ↔ −18,1367 | 14,3747 ↔ −25,0318 | −22,5937 ↔ −33,5861 | −7,7107 ↔ −23,8424 |
TB: tuberculosis; PHC: primary health care; and HDI: Human Development Index. aValues expressed as mean (range), except where otherwise indicated, and variables refer to the 2006-2015 period, except where otherwise indicated. bFor the 2010-2015 period. cFor the 2008-2015 period.